太阳邻域XLIX：在SOAR用散斑干涉术对M矮星多重体的新发现和轨道
The Solar Neighborhood XLIX: New Discoveries and Orbits of M Dwarf Multiples with Speckle Interferometry at SOAR
摘要：
我们提出了一个多年计划的第一个结果，以映射25秒差距内的M矮倍数的轨道。这些观测主要是在2019 - 2020年期间在智利南方天体物理研究（SOAR）望远镜上使用斑点干涉法进行的，使用安装在自适应光学模块（HRCam+SAM）上的高分辨率相机。附近M矮星的样本来自三个来源：来自SMARTS 0.9米处的RECONS长期天体测量监测计划的多次波，这些新观测将使或改善轨道拟合的已知多次波，以及盖亚数据发布2（DR 2）中的天体测量拟合标记的候选多次波。我们通过830个斑点观测对338个M矮星中的333个进行了调查，发现了63%的恒星的同伴。最值得注意的是，这包括从盖亚DR 2中选择的子集中的76%的新同伴。总之，我们报告了第一次直接探测到97个新的恒星同伴观察到的M矮星。在这里，我们提出了这些检测的属性，每一个非检测的限制，和五个轨道周期0.67 - 29年已经观察到作为这个计划的一部分。探测到的伴星预计与它们的主星的距离为0.024 - 2.0弧秒（0.25 - 66 AU），并具有$ΔI \lesssim 5.0$的磁场。这一为期多年的活动将最终绘制出附近M矮星的完整轨道，其周期可达3年，并提供关键时期，将双星的轨道测定延伸到30年。
英文摘要：
We present the first results of a multi-year program to map the orbits of M dwarf multiples within 25 parsecs. The observations were conducted primarily during 2019 - 2020 using speckle interferometry at the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope in Chile, using the High-Resolution Camera mounted on the adaptive optics module (HRCam+SAM). The sample of nearby M dwarfs is drawn from three sources: multiples from the RECONS long-term astrometric monitoring program at the SMARTS 0.9m, known multiples for which these new observations will enable or improve orbit fits, and candidate multiples flagged by their astrometric fits in Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). We surveyed 333 of our 338 M dwarfs via 830 speckle observations, detecting companions for 63% of the stars. Most notably, this includes new companions for 76% in the subset selected from Gaia DR2. In all, we report the first direct detections of 97 new stellar companions to the observed M dwarfs. Here we present the properties of those detections, the limits of each non-detection, and five orbits with periods 0.67 - 29 yr already observed as part of this program. Companions detected have projected separations of 0.024 - 2.0 arcsec (0.25 - 66 AU) from their primaries and have $ΔI \lesssim 5.0$ mag. This multi-year campaign will ultimately map complete orbits for nearby M dwarfs with periods up to 3 yr, and provide key epochs to stretch orbital determinations for binaries to 30 yr.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
