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arXiv 2201.12540quant-phcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.stat-mech
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量子相变后对称性破缺态叠加诱导的相干多体振荡

Coherent Many-Body Oscillations Induced by a Superposition of Broken Symmetry States in the Wake of a Quantum Phase Transition

Jacek Dziarmaga, Marek M. Rams, Wojciech H. Zurek

摘要:

现在广泛接受的是,通过量子相变的临界区域的猝灭导致填充有拓扑缺陷的后过渡态-经典拓扑缺陷的类似物。然而,一个非常非经典的事实,即淬火后的状态是一个{ \it叠加}的不同,打破对称真空与不同数量和位置的缺陷仍然在很大程度上未被探索。我们确定相干量子振荡引起的这种叠加在观测互补的对称性破缺。这些振荡满足Kibble-Zurek动力学标度律与淬火率,与瞬时振荡频率设置主要由系统的间隙。除了不同对称性破缺态叠加的明显基本意义外,量子相干振荡还可以用来验证量子模拟器实验实现的幺正性和测试其不完美性。

英文摘要:

It is now widely accepted that quenches through the critical region of quantum phase transitions result in post-transition states populated with topological defects -- analogs of the classical topological defects. However, consequences of the very non-classical fact that the state after a quench is a {\it superposition} of distinct, broken-symmetry vacua with different numbers and locations of defects have remained largely unexplored. We identify coherent quantum oscillations induced by such superpositions in observables complementary to the one involved in symmetry breaking. These oscillations satisfy Kibble-Zurek dynamical scaling laws with the quench rate, with an instantaneous oscillation frequency set primarily by the gap of the system. In addition to the obvious fundamental significance of a superposition of different broken symmetry states, quantum coherent oscillations can be used to verify unitarity and test for imperfections of the experimental implementations of quantum simulators.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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