Oliver Cooley, Julian Zalla
Motivated by the bootstrap percolation process for graphs, we define a new, high-order generalisation to $k$-uniform hypergraphs, in which we infect $j$-sets of vertices for some integer $1\le j \le k-1$. We investigate the smallest possible size of an initially infected set which ultimately percolates and determine the exact size in almost all cases of $k$ and $j$.
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We consider a classic model known as bootstrap percolation on the $n \times n$ square grid. To each vertex of the grid we assign an initial state, infected or healthy, and then in consecutive rounds we infect every healthy vertex that has at least $2$ already infected neighbours. We say that percolation occurs if the whole grid is eventually infected. In this paper, contributing to a recent series of extremal results in this field, we prove that the maximum time a bootstrap percolation process can take to eventually infect the entire vertex set of the grid is $13n^2/18+O(n)$.
Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, it is said that $G$ percolates in $H$-bootstrap process if one could join all the nonadjacent pairs of vertices of $G$ in some order such that a new copy of $H$ is created at each step. Balogh, Bollobás and Morris in 2012 investigated the threshold of $H$-bootstrap percolation in the Erdős-Rényi model for the complete graph $H$ and proposed the similar problem for $H=K_{s,t}$, the complete bipartite graph. In this paper, we provide lower and upper bounds on the threshold of $K_{2, t}$-bootstrap percolation. In addition, a threshold function is derived for $K_{2, 4…
In $\HH$-bootstrap percolation, a set $A \subset V(\HH)$ of initially 'infected' vertices spreads by infecting vertices which are the only uninfected vertex in an edge of the hypergraph $\HH$. A particular case of this is the $H$-bootstrap process, in which $\HH$ encodes copies of $H$ in a graph $G$. We find the minimum size of a set $A$ that leads to complete infection when $G$ and $H$ are powers of complete graphs and $\HH$ encodes induced copies of $H$ in $G$. The proof uses linear algebra, a technique that is new in bootstrap percolation, although standard in the study of weakly saturated …
In this paper we fill in a fundamental gap in the extremal bootstrap percolation literature, by providing the first proof of the fact that for all $d \geq 1$, the size of the smallest percolating sets in $d$-neighbour bootstrap percolation on $[n]^d$, the $d$-dimensional grid of size $n$, is $n^{d-1}$. Additionally, we prove that such sets percolate in time at most $c_d n^2$, for some constant $c_d >0 $ depending on $d$ only.
In this paper, we study the k-neighbor bootstrap percolation process on the d-dimensional grid [n]^d, and show that the minimum number of initial vertices that percolate is (1-d/k)n^d + O(n^{d-1})$ when d<=k<=2d. This confirms a conjecture of Pete.
Combinatorial Methods in Bootstrap Percolation Problems
本文使用纯组合方法研究超矩形图上的 bootstrap percolation 问题，解决了所有维度下的基础情形，并提出了剩余情形的开放问题。
Bootstrap percolation on a generalized Hamming cube
研究了在具有顶点集V={0,1}^n且边连接汉明距离为1,2,…,k的图上的r-邻居bootstrap渗流过程，确定了r=2,3时渗流临界概率的渐进行为，并在确定性设定下获得了k≥2时最小渗流集大小的多个结果。
Bootstrap percolation on a graph with infection threshold $r\in \mathbb{N}$ is an infection process, which starts from a set of initially infected vertices and in each step every vertex with at least $r$ infected neighbours becomes infected. We consider bootstrap percolation on the binomial random graph $G(n,p)$, which was investigated among others by Janson, Łuczak, Turova and Valier (2012). We improve their results by strengthening the probability bounds for the number of infected vertices at the end of the process.
Consider the hypergraph bootstrap percolation process in which, given a fixed $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$ and starting with a given hypergraph $G_0$, at each step we add to $G_0$ all edges that create a new copy of $H$. We are interested in maximising the number of steps that this process takes before it stabilises. For the case where $H=K_{r+1}^{(r)}$ with $r\geq3$, we provide a new construction for $G_0$ that shows that the number of steps of this process can be of order $Θ(n^r)$. This answers a recent question of Noel and Ranganathan. To demonstrate that different running times can occur, we…
In $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation, vertices (sites) of a graph $G$ are infected, round-by-round, if they have $r$ neighbours already infected. Once infected, they remain infected. An initial set of infected sites is said to percolate if every site is eventually infected. We determine the maximal percolation time for $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation on the hypercube for all $r \geq 3$ as the dimension $d$ goes to infinity up to a logarithmic factor. Surprisingly, it turns out to be $\frac{2^d}{d}$, which is in great contrast with the value for $r=2$, which is quadratic in $d$, as establ…
The process of $H$-bootstrap percolation for a graph $H$ is a cellular automaton, where, given a subset of the edges of $K_n$ as initial set, an edge is added at time $t$ if it is the only missing edge in a copy of $H$ in the graph obtained through this process at time $t-1$. We discuss an extremal question about the time of $K_r$-bootstrap percolation, namely determining maximal times for an $n$-vertex graph before the process stops. We determine exact values for $r=4$ and find a lower bound for the asymptotics for $r \geq 5$ by giving an explicit construction.
Bootstrap Percolation, Connectivity, and Graph Distance
本文研究 Bootstrap Percolation 与图距离和连通性的关系，给出直径为 2 且 r=2 时存在基数为 2 的渗流集的充分条件，并建立渗流轮数关于图距离不变量的上下界。
We introduce a simple method for proving lower bounds for the size of the smallest percolating set in a certain graph bootstrap process. We apply this method to determine the sizes of the smallest percolating sets in multidimensional tori and multidimensional grids (in particular hypercubes). The former answers a question of Morrison and Noel, and the latter provides an alternative and simpler proof for one of their main results.
The maximal running time of hypergraph bootstrap percolation
本文证明了完全 r-一致超图上 K^r_{r+1}-自助渗流的最大运行时间为 Θ(n^r)，正面回答了 Noel 和 Ranganathan 的问题并否定其猜想，同时给出 r 趋于无穷时前因子的渐近形式。
The jigsaw percolation process on graphs was introduced by Brummitt, Chatterjee, Dey, and Sivakoff as a model of collaborative solutions of puzzles in social networks. Percolation in this process may be viewed as the joint connectedness of two graphs on a common vertex set. Our aim is to extend a result of Bollobás, Riordan, Slivken, and Smith concerning this process to hypergraphs for a variety of possible definitions of connectedness. In particular, we determine the asymptotic order of the critical threshold probability for percolation when both hypergraphs are chosen binomially at random.
In standard bootstrap percolation, a subset A of the n x n grid is initially infected. A new site is then infected if at least two of its neighbours are infected, and an infected site stays infected forever. The set A is said to percolate if eventually the entire grid is infected. A percolating set is said to be minimal if none of its subsets percolate. Answering a question of Bollobas, we show that there exists a minimal percolating set of size 4n^2/33 + o(n^2), but there does not exist one larger than (n + 2)^2/6.
For any integer $r\geqslant0$, the $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation on a graph is an activation process of the vertices. The process starts with some initially activated vertices and then, in each round, any inactive vertex with at least $r$ active neighbors becomes activated. A set of initially activated vertices leading to the activation of all vertices is said to be a percolating set. Denote the minimum size of a percolating set in the $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation process on a graph $G$ by $m(G, r)$. In this paper, we present upper and lower bounds on $m(K_n^d, r)$, where $K_n^d$ is…
Bootstrap Percolation and Partial Difference Equations
研究 Z^d 上由固定模式集合 A 驱动的 bootstrap 渗流过程，通过模式凸包的混合体积给出二维两模式的最小渗流种子大小，并导出二维两偏差分方程的一致性判据。
Bootstrap percolation on the Hamming graphs
本文研究汉明图上的r-边bootstrap渗流，显式求出其最小渗流集大小，并借此推导r-邻域bootstrap渗流的最小渗流集渐近表达式，推广了超立方体上的已有结果。
Answering questions of Itai Benjamini, we show that the event of complete occupation in 2-neighbour bootstrap percolation on the d-dimensional box [n]^d, for d\geq 2, at its critical initial density p_c(n), is noise sensitive, while in k-neighbour bootstrap percolation on the d-regular random graph G_{n,d}, for 2\leq k\leq d-2, it is insensitive. Many open problems remain.
Minimum Weakly Saturated Graphs and Bootstrap Percolation in General Host Graphs
本文研究最小弱饱和图类及其与H-自举渗流的关联，探讨一般宿主图下的弱饱和问题，明确了弱饱和数与最小弱饱和图的定义。
The $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation process on a graph $G$ starts with an initial set $A_0$ of "infected" vertices and, at each step of the process, a healthy vertex becomes infected if it has at least $r$ infected neighbours (once a vertex becomes infected, it remains infected forever). If every vertex of $G$ eventually becomes infected, then we say that $A_0$ percolates. We prove a conjecture of Balogh and Bollobás which says that, for fixed $r$ and $d\to\infty$, every percolating set in the $d$-dimensional hypercube has cardinality at least $\frac{1+o(1)}{r}\binom{d}{r-1}$. We also prov…
We study the distribution of the percolation time $T$ of two-neighbour bootstrap percolation on $[n]^2$ with initial set $A\sim\mathrm{Bin}([n]^2,p)$. We determine $T$ with high probability up to a constant factor for all $p$ above the critical probability for percolation, and to within a $1+o(1)$ factor for a large range of $p$.
Using polynomials to find lower bounds for $r$-bond bootstrap percolation
本研究针对图上的$r$-键自助渗流问题，采用Hambardzumyan等人提出的代数方法，推导得出若干大类图中渗流集合最小规模的递推公式，拓展和推广了已有相关研究成果。
Bootstrap percolation is a cellular automaton modelling the spread of an `infection' on a graph. In this note, we prove a family of lower bounds on the critical probability for $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation on Galton--Watson trees in terms of moments of the offspring distributions. With this result we confirm a conjecture of Bollobás, Gunderson, Holmgren, Janson and Przykucki. We also show that these bounds are best possible up to positive constants not depending on the offspring distribution.
Given a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$, the $\mathcal{H}$-bootstrap process starts with an initial set of infected vertices of $\mathcal{H}$ and, at each step, a healthy vertex $v$ becomes infected if there exists a hyperedge of $\mathcal{H}$ in which $v$ is the unique healthy vertex. We say that the set of initially infected vertices percolates if every vertex of $\mathcal{H}$ is eventually infected. We show that this process exhibits a sharp threshold when $\mathcal{H}$ is a hypergraph obtained by randomly sampling hyperedges from an approximately $d$-regular $r$-uniform hypergraph satisfying some…
A graph $G$ percolates in the $K_{r,s}$-bootstrap process if we can add all missing edges of $G$ in some order such that each edge creates a new copy of $K_{r,s}$, where $K_{r,s}$ is the complete bipartite graph. We study $K_{r,s}$-bootstrap percolation on the Erdős-Rényi random graph, and determine the percolation threshold for balanced $K_{r,s}$ up to a logarithmic factor. This partially answers a question raised by Balogh, Bollobás, and Morris. We also establish a general lower bound of the percolation threshold for all $K_{r,s}$, with $r\geq s \geq 3$.
In this paper we focus on $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation, which is a process on a graph where initially a set $A_0$ of vertices gets infected. Now subsequently, an uninfected vertex becomes infected if it is adjacent to at least $r$ infected vertices. Call $A_f$ the set of vertices that is infected after the process stops. More formally set $A_t:=A_{t-1}\cup \{v\in V: |N(v)\cap A_{t-1}|\geq r\}$, where $N(v)$ is the neighborhood of $v$. Then $A_f=\bigcup_{t>0} A_t$. We deal with finite graphs only and denote by $n$ the number of vertices. We are mainly interested in the size of the final s…
We study the percolation time of the $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation model on the discrete torus $(\Z/n\Z)^d$. For $t$ at most a polylog function of $n$ and initial infection probabilities within certain ranges depending on $t$, we prove that the percolation time of a random subset of the torus is exactly equal to $t$ with high probability as $n$ tends to infinity. Our proof rests crucially on three new extremal theorems that together establish an almost complete understanding of the geometric behaviour of the $r$-neighbour bootstrap process in the dense setting. The special case $d-r=0$ o…
The $r$-neighbour bootstrap process is an update rule for the states of vertices in which `uninfected' vertices with at least $r$ `infected' neighbours become infected and a set of initially infected vertices is said to \emph{percolate} if eventually all vertices are infected. For every $r \geq 3$, a sharp condition is given for the minimum degree of a sufficiently large graph that guarantees the existence of a percolating set of size $r$. In the case $r=3$, for $n$ large enough, any graph on $n$ vertices with minimum degree $\lfloor n/2 \rfloor +1$ has a percolating set of size $3$ and for $r…
Graph-bootstrap percolation, also known as weak saturation, was introduced by Bollobás in 1968. In this process, we start with initial "infected" set of edges $E_0$, and we infect new edges according to a predetermined rule. Given a graph $H$ and a set of previously infected edges $E_t\subseteq E(K_n)$, we infect a non-infected edge $e$ if it completes a new copy of $H$ in $G=([n],E_t\cup e)$. A question raised by Bollobás asks for the maximum time the process can run before it stabilizes. Bollobás, Przykucki, Riordan, and Sahasrabudhe considered this problem for the most natural case where $H…
Graph bootstrap percolation is a simple cellular automaton introduced by Bollobás in 1968. Given a graph $H$ and a set $G \subseteq E(K_n)$ we initially "infect" all edges in $G$ and then, in consecutive steps, we infect every $e \in K_n$ that completes a new infected copy of $H$ in $K_n$. We say that $G$ percolates if eventually every edge in $K_n$ is infected. The extremal question about the size of the smallest percolating sets when $H = K_r$ was answered independently by Alon, Kalai and Frankl. Here we consider a different question raised more recently by Bollobás: what is the maximum time…
We investigate bootstrap percolation with infection threshold $r> 1$ on the binomial $k$-uniform random hypergraph $H_k(n,p)$ in the regime $n^{-1}\ll n^{k-2}p \ll n^{-1/r}$, when the initial set of infected vertices is chosen uniformly at random from all sets of given size. We establish a threshold such that if there are less vertices in the initial set of infected vertices, then whp only a few additional vertices become infected, while if the initial set of infected vertices exceeds the threshold then whp almost every vertex becomes infected. In addition, for $k=2$, we show that the probabil…
In r-neighbour bootstrap percolation on the vertex set of a graph G, vertices are initially infected independently with some probability p. At each time step, the infected set expands by infecting all uninfected vertices that have at least r infected neighbours. We study the distribution of the time t at which all vertices become infected. Given t = t(n) = o(log n/log log n), we prove a sharp threshold result for the probability that percolation occurs by time t in d-neighbour bootstrap percolation on the d-dimensional discrete torus T_n^d. Moreover, we show that for certain ranges of p = p(n)…
$\boldsymbol{2}$-Neighbor Bootstrap Percolation on Odd Graphs
研究奇数图上$2$-邻居引导渗透的最小渗透集大小，给出上下界并证实一个猜想。
Bootstrap Percolation, Indecomposable Permutations, and the n-Kings problem
该研究分析n×n排列矩阵上的bootstrap渗流过程，揭示其与不可分解排列的关联，给出满排列数对应大Schroeder数的新证明，并推导出无增长排列数的新公式，为n-kings问题提供新解法。
Percolation on hypergraphs and the hard-core model
本文通过凸松弛优化方法证明了两类最大度受限的k-均匀超图的点渗流阈值紧界，并结合分歧渗流改进硬核模型的唯一性阈值，进而为高效近似计数与采样算法提出新的计算阈值猜想。
In this note we provide an alternative proof of the fact that subcritical bootstrap percolation models have a positive critical probability in any dimension. The proof relies on a recent extension of the classical framework of Toom. This approach is not only simpler than the original multi-scale renormalisation proof of the result in two and more dimensions, but also gives significantly better bounds. As a byproduct, we improve the best known bounds for the stability threshold of Toom's North-East-Center majority rule cellular automaton.
Bootstrap percolation and $P_3$-hull number in direct products of graphs
本文研究图的直积中的Bootstrap渗透，在最小度条件下给出上界，刻画最小度为2的连通图使渗透数等于顶点数一半的条件，并确定路径图直积的精确渗透数。
The Time of Bootstrap Percolation in High Dimensions
该研究针对d维环面上的d邻域bootstrap渗流过程，在初始感染概率特定范围、阈值为d的条件下，以高概率确定了渗流时间的常数因子阶结果，拓展了已有二维阈值为2的相关定理。
On polluted bootstrap percolation in Cartesian grids
本文研究笛卡尔网格中的污染引导渗流，针对给定污染顶点数，建立了最小2-邻居渗流数的闭式公式，并给出另一极端情况的下界。
We study an extremal question for the (reversible) $r-$bootstrap percolation processes. Given a graph and an initial configuration where each vertex is active or inactive, in the $r-$bootstrap percolation process the following rule is applied in discrete-time rounds: each vertex gets active if it has at least $r$ active neighbors, and an active vertex stays active forever. In the reversible $r$-bootstrap percolation, each vertex gets active if it has at least $r$ active neighbors, and inactive otherwise. We consider the following question on the $d$-dimensional torus: how many vertices should …
Explosive appearance of cores and bootstrap percolation on lattices
研究了二维格子上自激发渗透现象中核心大小的突然跃变及多种感染规则下的击中时间结果。
A uniform attachment graph (with parameter $k$), denoted $G_{n,k}$ in the paper, is a random graph on the vertex set $[n]$, where each vertex $v$ makes $k$ selections from $[v-1]$ uniformly and independently, and these selections determine the edge set. We study several aspects of this graph. Our motivation comes from two similarly constructed, well-studied random graphs: $k$-out graphs and preferential attachment graphs. In this paper, we find the asymptotic distribution of its minimum degree and connectivity, and study the expansion properties of $G_{n,k}$ to show that the conductance of $G_…
$3$-Neighbor bootstrap percolation on grids
本文研究固定宽度网格的3-邻居引导渗透数，给出路径笛卡尔积$P_3 \square P_m$、$P_5 \square P_m$和$P_4 \square P_m$的精确或近似结果。
Slow graph bootstrap percolation III: Chain constructions
本文针对图引导渗透的极值函数，提出链式构造框架，为多种图类给出下界并联系加法组合学，同时上界关联极值图论问题。
On the Running Time of Hypergraph Bootstrap Percolation
本文研究了 $r\geq3$ 且 $F$ 为完全 $r$-一致超图时的 $F$-bootstrap 渗流过程最大运行时间，证明了当 $k\geq r+2$ 时为 $Θ(n^r)$，当 $k=r+1$ 时为 $Ω(n^{r-1})$，并对后者给出了最优性猜想。
Graph bootstrap percolation, introduced by Bollobás in 1968, is a cellular automaton defined as follows. Given a "small" graph $H$ and a "large" graph $G = G_0 \subseteq K_n$, in consecutive steps we obtain $G_{t+1}$ from $G_t$ by adding to it all new edges $e$ such that $G_t \cup e$ contains a new copy of $H$. We say that $G$ percolates if for some $t \geq 0$, we have $G_t = K_n$. For $H = K_r$, the question about the size of the smallest percolating graphs was independently answered by Alon, Frankl and Kalai in the 1980's. Recently, Balogh, Bollobás and Morris considered graph bootstrap perc…
Bootstrap percolation in strong products of graphs
本文研究图的强积的r-渗流数，证明了不同条件下渗流数的取值范围与二分性结论，刻画了满足特定渗流数等式的强棱柱，并将部分结果推广至无限图。
We generalize and improve results of Andrews, Gravner, Holroyd, Liggett, and Romik on metastability thresholds for generalized two-dimensional bootstrap percolation models, and answer several of their open problems and conjectures. Specifically, we prove slow convergence and localization bounds for Holroyd, Liggett, and Romik's k-percolation models, and in the process provide a unified and improved treatment of existing results for bootstrap, modified bootstrap, and Frobose percolation. Furthermore, we prove improved asymptotic bounds for the generating functions of partitions without k-gaps, …
Bootstrap percolation is a deterministic cellular automaton in which vertices of a graph~$G$ begin in one of two states, "dormant" or "active". Given a fixed integer $r$, a dormant vertex becomes active if at any stage it has at least $r$ active neighbors, and it remains active for the duration of the process. Given an initial set of active vertices $A$, we say that $G$ $r$-percolates (from $A$) if every vertex in $G$ becomes active after some number of steps. Let $m(G,r)$ denote the minimum size of a set $A$ such that $G$ $r$-percolates from $A$. Bootstrap percolation has been studied in a nu…
The $r$-neighbour bootstrap process describes an infection process on a graph, where we start with a set of initially infected vertices and an uninfected vertex becomes infected as soon as it has $r$ infected neighbours. An inital set of infected vertices is called percolating if at the end of the bootstrap process all vertices are infected. We give Ore-type conditions that guarantee the existence of a small percolating set of size $l\leq 2r-2$ if the number of vertices $n$ of our graph is sufficiently large: if $l\geq r$ and satisfies $2r \geq l+2 \lfloor \sqrt{2(l-r)+0.25}+2.5 \rfloor-1$ the…
Three-Neighbour Bootstrap Percolation in Thin Three-Dimensional Grids
本文研究了 $a \times b \times c$ 网格中 $3$-邻居过程下的最小渗流集问题，通过新构造证明了当 $\min(a,b,c) \ge 7$ 时最优渗流集存在，并在 $\min(a,b,c) \ge 4$ 时达到了 $(ab+ac+bc)/3$ 的下界。
3-Neighbor bootstrap percolation on two-dimensional grids
该研究确定了矩形网格$P_m\square P_n$上3邻域自举渗流的最小渗流集大小，扩展了前人工作，还针对环面网格$C_m\square C_n$得到了相差不超过1的上下界及部分情形的精确解。
On a geometric model for complex networks (introduced by Krioukov et al.) we investigate the bootstrap percolation process. This model consists of random geometric graphs on the hyperbolic plane having $N$ vertices, a dependent version of the Chung-Lu model. The process starts with infection rate $p=p(N)$. Each uninfected vertex with at least $\mathbf{r}\geq 1$ infected neighbors becomes infected, remaining so forever. We identify a function $p_c(N)=o(1)$ such that a.a.s.\ when $p\gg p_c(N)$ the infection spreads to a positive fraction of vertices, whereas when $p\ll p_c(N)$ the process cannot…
We study the critical probability for the metastable phase transition of the two-dimensional anisotropic bootstrap percolation model with $(1,2)$-neighbourhood and threshold $r = 3$. The first order asymptotics for the critical probability were recently determined by the first and second authors. Here we determine the following sharp second and third order asymptotics: \[ p_c\big( [L]^2,\mathcal{N}_{(1,2)},3 \big) \; = \; \frac{(\log \log L)^2}{12\log L} \, - \, \frac{\log \log L \, \log \log \log L}{ 3\log L} + \frac{\left(\log \frac{9}{2} + 1 \pm o(1) \right)\log \log L}{6\log L}. \] We note…
Graph bootstrap percolation is a deterministic cellular automaton which was introduced by Bollobás in 1968, and is defined as follows. Given a graph $H$, and a set $G \subset E(K_n)$ of initially `infected' edges, we infect, at each time step, a new edge $e$ if there is a copy of $H$ in $K_n$ such that $e$ is the only not-yet infected edge of $H$. We say that $G$ percolates in the $H$-bootstrap process if eventually every edge of $K_n$ is infected. The extremal questions for this model, when $H$ is the complete graph $K_r$, were solved (independently) by Alon, Kalai and Frankl almost thirty ye…
Bootstrap percolation is a type of cellular automaton on graphs, introduced as a simple model of the dynamics of ferromagnetism. Vertices in a graph can be in one of two states: `healthy' or `infected' and from an initial configuration of states, healthy vertices become infected by local rules. While the usual bootstrap processes are monotone in the sets of infected vertices, in this paper, a modification is examined in which infected vertices can return to a healthy state. Vertices are initially infected independently at random and the central question is whether all vertices eventually becom…
Large deviations for subcritical bootstrap percolation on the random graph
针对Erdős-Rényi随机图上的亚临界bootstrap渗流，本文计算了小规模初始感染集感染异常多顶点事件的速率函数，确定了对应大偏差的最小代价轨迹。
Two-dimensional bootstrap percolation is a cellular automaton in which sites become 'infected' by contact with two or more already infected nearest neighbors. We consider these dynamics, which can be interpreted as a monotone version of the Ising model, on an n x n square, with sites initially infected independently with probability p. The critical probability p_c is the smallest p for which the probability that the entire square is eventually infected exceeds 1/2. Holroyd determined the sharp first-order approximation: p_c \sim π^2/(18 log n) as n \to \infty. Here we sharpen this result, prov…
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