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arXiv 2201.08911astro-ph.HE
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仙后座A的正反激波动力学

The forward and reverse shock dynamics of Cassiopeia A

Jacco Vink, Daniel J. Patnaude, Daniel Castro

摘要:

我们报告自行测量的前向和反向冲击区的超新星遗迹仙后座A(Cas A),包括减速/加速测量的前向冲击。测量结合了钱德拉X射线天文台19年的观测,使用4.2-6 keV连续带,优先针对X射线同步辐射。前向激波的平均膨胀率为$0.218 \pm 0.029$ %yr $^{-1}$,对应的速度为$\approx 5800$ km/s。自行的时间导数表明,东部减速,西部加速到$1.1\times 10^{-4}$年$^{-2}$。反向激波在东部向外移动,但在西部以$-0.0225\pm 0.0007$ %yr $^{-1}$的膨胀率向中心移动,对应于$-1884\pm 17$ km/s。在西方,喷出物框架中的反向激波速度为$\gtrsim 3000$ km/s,峰值为$\sim 8000$ km/s,这解释了那里X射线同步辐射灯丝的存在。反向激波的向后运动可以用两种情况来解释,一种是前向激波遇到了一个部分的、致密的风壳层,另一种是激波最初穿过一个不平衡的空腔,这个空腔是在短暂的沃尔夫-拉叶星相期间产生的。这两种情况都与前向冲击的局部加速一致。最后,我们报告的自行车的东北射流,使用X射线连续谱带,和硅十三K线发射带。我们发现膨胀率分别为0.21%yr $^{-1}$和0.24%yr $^{-1}$,对应于X射线喷流尖端的速度为7830- 9200 km/s。

英文摘要:

We report on proper motion measurements of the forward- and reverse-shock regions of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A), including deceleration/acceleration measurements of the forward shock. The measurements combine 19 years of observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, using the 4.2-6 keV continuum band, preferentially targeting X-ray synchrotron radiation. The average expansion rate is $0.218 \pm 0.029$%yr$^{-1}$ for the forward shock, corresponding to a velocity of $\approx 5800$ km/s. The time derivative of the proper motions indicates deceleration in the east, and an acceleration up to $1.1\times 10^{-4}$ yr$^{-2}$ in the western part. The reverse shock moves outward in the East, but in the West it moves toward the center with an expansion rate of $-0.0225\pm 0.0007$ %yr$^{-1}$, corresponding to $-1884\pm 17$ km/s. In the West the reverse shock velocity in the ejecta frame is $\gtrsim 3000$ km/s, peaking at $\sim 8000$ km/s, explaining the presence of X-ray synchrotron emitting filaments there. The backward motion of the reverse shock can be explained by either a scenario in which the forward shock encountered a partial, dense, wind shell, or one in which the shock transgressed initially through a lopsided cavity, created during a brief Wolf-Rayet star phase. Both scenarios are consistent with the local acceleration of the forward shock. Finally we report on the proper motion of the northeastern jet, using both the X-ray continuum band, and the Si XIII K-line emission band. We find expansion rates of respectively 0.21%yr$^{-1}$ and 0.24%yr$^{-1}$, corresponding to velocities at the tip of the X-ray jet of 7830--9200 km/s.

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