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arXiv 2201.07727astro-ph.EP
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用CHEOPS、HARPS-N和TESS研究TOI-561系统行星的体系结构和内部结构

Investigating the architecture and internal structure of the TOI-561 system planets with CHEOPS, HARPS-N and TESS

G. Lacedelli, T. G. Wilson, L. Malavolta, M. J. Hooton, A. Collier Cameron, Y. Alibert, A. Mortier, A. Bonfanti, R. D. Haywood, S. Hoyer, G. Piotto, A. Bekkelie… 展开作者

G. Lacedelli, T. G. Wilson, L. Malavolta, M. J. Hooton, A. Collier Cameron, Y. Alibert, A. Mortier, A. Bonfanti, R. D. Haywood, S. Hoyer, G. Piotto, A. Bekkelien, A. M. Vanderburg, W. Benz, X. Dumusque, A. Deline, M. López-Morales, L. Borsato, K. Rice, L. Fossati, D. W. Latham, A. Brandeker, E. Poretti, S. G. Sousa, A. Sozzetti, S. Salmon, C. J. Burke, V. Van Grootel, M. M. Fausnaugh, V. Adibekyan, C. X. Huang, H. P. Osborn, A. J. Mustill, E. Pallé, V. Bourrier, V. Nascimbeni, R. Alonso, G. Anglada, T. Bárczy, D. Barrado y Navascues, S. C. C. Barros, W. Baumjohann, M. Beck, T. Beck, N. Billot, X. Bonfils, C. Broeg, L. A. Buchhave, J. Cabrera, S. Charnoz, R. Cosentino, Sz. Csizmadia, M. B. Davies, M. Deleuil, L. Delrez, O. Demangeon, B. -O. Demory, D. Ehrenreich, A. Erikson, E. Esparza-Borges, H. -G. Florén, A. Fortier, M. Fridlund, D. Futyan, D. Gandolfi, A. Ghedina, M. Gillon, M. Güdel, P. Gutermann, A. Harutyunyan, K. Heng, K. G. Isaak, J. M. Jenkins, L. Kiss, J. Laskar, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, M. Lendl, C. Lovis, D. Magrin, L. Marafatto, A. F. Martinez Fiorenzano, P. F. L. Maxted, M. Mayor, G. Micela, E. Molinari, F. Murgas, N. Narita, G. Olofsson, R. Ottensamer, I. Pagano, A. Pasetti, M. Pedani, F. A. Pepe, G. Peter, D. F. Phillips, D. Pollacco, D. Queloz, R. Ragazzoni, N. Rando, F. Ratti, H. Rauer, I. Ribas, N. C. Santos, D. Sasselov, G. Scandariato, S. Seager, D. Ségransan, L. M. Serrano, A. E. Simon, A. M. S. Smith, M. Steinberger, M. Steller, Gy. Szabó, N. Thomas, J. D. Twicken, S. Udry, N. Walton, J. N. Winn

摘要:

我们提出了一个精确的表征TOI-561行星系统通过结合以前公布的数据与TESS和CHEOPS测光,和一组新的$62$ HARPS-N径向速度(RV)。我们的联合分析证实了四颗凌日行星的存在,即TOI-561 b($P = 0.45$ d,$R = 1.42$ R $_\oplus$,$M = 2.0$ M $_\oplus$),c($P = 10.78$ d,$R = 2.91$ R $_\oplus$,$M = 5.4$ M $_\oplus$)d($P = 25.7$ d,$R = 2.82$ R $_\oplus$,PDMATHABMMW M $_\oplus$)和e($P = 77$ d,$R = 2.55$ R $_\oplus$,$M = 12.6$ M $_\oplus$)。此外,我们确定了一个额外的,长周期的信号($>450$ d)的RV,这可能是由于外部行星的同伴或恒星的磁场活动。获得的四颗行星的精确质量和半径使我们能够进行内部结构和大气逃逸建模。TOI-561 b被证实是迄今已知的密度最低($ρ_{\rm b} = 3.8 \pm 0.5$ g cm $^{-3}$)的超短周期(USP)行星,宿主恒星的低金属丰度使其与一般的体密度-恒星金属丰度趋势一致。根据我们的内部结构模型,行星b基本上没有气体外壳,它可能拥有一定数量的水。相比之下,TOI-561 c、d和e可能保留了H/He包层,此外可能还有较大的水层。推断出的行星组成表明不同的大气演化路径,行星b和c经历了显著的气体损失,而行星d和e显示出与原始大气一致的大气成分。USP行星的独特性,长周期行星TOI-561 e的存在以及复杂的结构使该系统成为后续研究的吸引力目标。

英文摘要:

We present a precise characterization of the TOI-561 planetary system obtained by combining previously published data with TESS and CHEOPS photometry, and a new set of $62$ HARPS-N radial velocities (RVs). Our joint analysis confirms the presence of four transiting planets, namely TOI-561 b ($P = 0.45$ d, $R = 1.42$ R$_\oplus$, $M = 2.0$ M$_\oplus$), c ($P = 10.78$ d, $R = 2.91$ R$_\oplus$, $M = 5.4$ M$_\oplus$), d ($P = 25.7$ d, $R = 2.82$ R$_\oplus$, $M = 13.2$ M$_\oplus$) and e ($P = 77$ d, $R = 2.55$ R$_\oplus$, $M = 12.6$ M$_\oplus$). Moreover, we identify an additional, long-period signal ($>450$ d) in the RVs, which could be due to either an external planetary companion or to stellar magnetic activity. The precise masses and radii obtained for the four planets allowed us to conduct interior structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-561 b is confirmed to be the lowest density ($ρ_{\rm b} = 3.8 \pm 0.5$ g cm$^{-3}$) ultra-short period (USP) planet known to date, and the low metallicity of the host star makes it consistent with the general bulk density-stellar metallicity trend. According to our interior structure modelling, planet b has basically no gas envelope, and it could host a certain amount of water. In contrast, TOI-561 c, d, and e likely retained an H/He envelope, in addition to a possibly large water layer. The inferred planetary compositions suggest different atmospheric evolutionary paths, with planets b and c having experienced significant gas loss, and planets d and e showing an atmospheric content consistent with the original one. The uniqueness of the USP planet, the presence of the long-period planet TOI-561 e, and the complex architecture make this system an appealing target for follow-up studies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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