arXiv 2201.069362022-01physics.app-phphysics.atom-phphysics.optics

用于基础物理实验的高漂移稳定原子磁力计

A Highly Drift-stable Atomic Magnetometer for Fundamental Physics Experiments

M. Rosner, D. Beck, P. Fierlinger, H. Filter, C. Klau, F. Kuchler, P. Rößner, M. Sturm, D. Wurm, Z. Sun

备注：: Submitted in AIP Applied Physics Letter
DOI：: 10.1063/5.0083854

摘要：

我们报告的设计和性能的非磁漂移稳定的光泵铯磁强计的测量灵敏度为35 fT在200 s的积分时间和稳定性低于50 fT之间的70 s和600 s。据我们所知，这是迄今为止最稳定的磁场测量。该传感器是基于非线性磁光旋转效应：在Bell-Bloom配置的Cs原子的高阶极化力矩（对齐）创建与泵激光束在真空下的抗弛豫涂层Pyrex电池，充满Cs蒸汽在室温下。由于原子在2.1 μ T的外部磁场中的旋进，穿过单元的光的偏振平面被调制，所述外部磁场用于光学地确定拉莫尔旋进频率。操作是基于一系列的光泵浦和观察的自由旋进自旋在8赫兹的重复率。这种自由旋进衰减读出方案分离了光泵浦和探测，从而确保了系统的高度清洁测量。由于传感器的剩余偏移< 15 pT，加上相邻传感器的无串扰操作，该设备特别适合于极高精度的低能粒子物理学实验，在这里作为高度稳定和系统清洁的参考探针，寻找违反电偶极矩的时间反演对称性。

英文摘要：

We report the design and performance of a non-magnetic drift stable optically pumped cesium magnetometer with a measured sensitivity of 35 fT at 200 s integration time and stability below 50 fT between 70 s and 600 s. To our knowledge this is the most stable magnetic field measurement to date. The sensor is based on the nonlinear magneto-optical rotation effect: in a Bell-Bloom configuration a higher order polarization moment (alignment) of Cs atoms is created with a pump laser beam in an anti-relaxation coated Pyrex cell under vacuum, filled with Cs vapor at room temperature. The polarization plane of light passing through the cell is modulated due the precession of the atoms in an external magnetic field of 2.1 muT, used to optically determine the Larmor precession frequency. Operation is based on a sequence of optical pumping and observation of freely precessing spins at a repetition rate of 8 Hz. This free precession decay readout scheme separates optical pumping and probing and thus ensures a systematically highly clean measurement. Due to the residual offset of the sensor of < 15 pT together with the cross-talk free operation of adjacent sensors, this device is uniquely suitable for a variety of experiments in low-energy particle physics with extreme precision, here as highly stable and systematically clean reference probe in search for time-reversal symmetry violating electric dipole moments.

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