便携式矢量NV金刚石磁强计：在非屏蔽环境中实现散粒噪声极限且无漂移运行
Portable Vector NV-Diamond Magnetometer for Shot-Noise-Limited, Drift-Free Operation in Unshielded Environments
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（印度孟买印度理工学院）
- Qmet Tech Foundation（Qmet科技基金会）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文提出一种集成数字架构，通过动态差分读出、二阶导数线形跟踪和磁本征向量变换，在非屏蔽环境中实现散粒噪声极限且长期漂移抑制十倍的NV金刚石磁强计。
AI中文摘要：
系综氮空位（NV）金刚石磁强计兼具高灵敏度与矢量场重构能力，但其实际部署受限于两类误差：短时操作中高频激光噪声引起的误差，以及长期运行中缓慢变化的增益波动与偏移漂移。本文提出一种集成数字架构，以在不同时间尺度上实现NV磁强计稳定性。动态差分读出持续平衡荧光通道与参考通道，以抑制相关激光噪声。二阶导数洛伦兹线形跟踪可实现原位校正由增益和光激发缓慢变化引起的斜率变化。我们进一步识别出温度引起的偏置磁体波动是长期漂移的主要来源，并引入一种磁本征向量变换，利用NV共振的固有响应来消除这些变化。我们证明，在非屏蔽环境条件下，该架构实现了1.0±0.1的离共振噪声因子，匹配基本极限，并将长期漂移抑制十倍，从而实现稳定、可现场部署的量子磁强测量。
英文摘要：
Ensemble nitrogen-vacancy (NV) diamond magnetometers combine high sensitivity with vector-field reconstruction, but practical deployment is limited by errors arising from high-frequency laser noise during short-duration operations and slow-varying gain fluctuations and offset drift during long-term operation. Here, we present an integrated digital architecture for achieving NV magnetometry stability across distinct timescales. A dynamic differential readout continuously balances fluorescence and reference channels to suppress correlated laser noise. Second-derivative Lorentzian lineshape tracking enables in-situ correction of slope variations arising from slow changes in gain and optical excitation. We further identify temperature-induced bias-magnet fluctuations as a dominant source of long-term drift and introduce a magnetic eigenvector transformation that uses the intrinsic response of NV resonances to eliminate these variations. We show, under unshielded ambient conditions, that this architecture achieves an off-resonance noise factor of 1.0 $\pm$ 0.1, matching the fundamental limit with ten-fold suppression of long-term drift, enabling stable, field-ready quantum magnetometry.
