We study analytic continuations of holographic renormalization group (RG) flows beyond their infrared (IR) fixed points. Such "trans-IR" flows are a natural framework for describing physics inside of black holes. First, we construct a monotonic holographic $a$-function which counts degrees of freedom along a trans-IR flow. Using this function, we argue that the degrees of freedom "thin out" and vanish when flowing to a trans-IR endpoint, represented by a Kasner singularity. We then recast well-studied quantum information probes in the language of trans-IR flows, finding that entanglement and complexity from volume generally fail to fully probe the trans-IR while 2-point correlations and complexity from action generally do so in a complementary manner.
It is proved that coordinate transformations of the Schwarzschild metric to new static and stationary metrics do not eliminate the mode of a particle ''fall'' to the event horizon of a black hole. This mode is unacceptable for the quantum mechanics of stationary states.
In certain extensions of General Relativity, wormholes generated by spherically symmetric electric fields can resolve black hole singularities without necessarily removing curvature divergences. This is shown by studying geodesic completeness, the behavior of time-like congruences going through the divergent region, and by means of scattering of waves off the wormhole. This provides an example of the logical independence between curvature divergences and space-time singularities, concepts very often identified with each other in the literature.ns of curvature divergences in the context of spac…
Schwarzschild black-hole interiors border on space-like singularities representing classical information leaks. We show that local quantum physics is decoupled from these leaks due to dynamically generated boundaries, called Zeno borders. Beyond Zeno borders black-hole interiors become asymptotically silent, and quantum fields evolve freely towards the geodesic singularity with vanishing probability measure for populating the geodesic boundary. Thus Zeno borders represent a probabilistic completion of Schwarzschild black holes within the semiclassical framework.
We study the behavior of black hole singularities across the Hawking-Page phase transitions, uncovering possible connections between the physics inside and outside the horizon. We focus on the case of spacelike singularities in Einstein-scalar theory which are of the Kasner form. We find that the Kasner exponents are continuous and non-differentiable during the second order phase transitions, while discontinuous in the first order phase transitions. We give some arguments on the universality of this behavior. We also discuss possible observables in the dual field theory which encode the Kasner…
Bouncing geodesics, black hole singularities, and singularities of thermal correlators
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana（卢布尔雅那大学数学与物理学院）；Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学希格斯理论物理中心）
Due to quantum fluctuations, a black hole of mass $M$ represents an average over an ensemble of black hole geometries with angular momentum. This observation is apparently at odds with the fact that the curvature singularity inside a rotating black hole is timelike, while the one inside a non-rotating black hole is spacelike. Is the average of timelike singularities really spacelike? We use the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula to introduce a microcanonical ensemble for spin fluctuations and show that the onset of quantum gravity is always spacelike. We discuss the impact of this result on si…
We consider a procedure of elimination of cosmological singularities similar to that suggested in the recent paper by Simpson and Visser for the construction of regular black holes. It is shown that by imposing a non-singular cosmological evolution with a bounce in a flat Friedmann universe filled with a minimally coupled scalar field, we obtain a transition between the standard scalar field and its phantom counterpart. In this case, the potential of the scalar field has a non-analyticity of the cusp type. This result is also readily reproduced in the case of an anisotropic Bianchi I universe.…
Bouncing Geodesics, Singularities, and the Cavity Thermal Product Formula in Asymptotically Flat and de Sitter Black Holes
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana（卢布尔雅那大学数学物理学院）；Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学希格斯理论物理中心）
We analytically investigate the pertubative effects of a quantum conformally-coupled scalar field on rotating (2+1)-dimensional black holes and naked singularities. In both cases we obtain the quantum-backreacted metric analytically. In the black hole case, we explore the quantum corrections on different regions of relevance for a rotating black hole geometry. We find that the quantum effects lead to a growth of both the event horizon and the ergosphere, as well as to a reduction of the angular velocity compared to their corresponding unperturbed values. Quantum corrections also give rise to t…
A stationary and spherically symmetric black hole (For example, Reissner-Nordstrom black hole or Kerr-Newman black hole) has at most one singularity and two horizons. One horizon is the outer event horizon and the other is the inner Cauchy horizon. Can we construct static and spherically symmetric black hole solutions with N horizons and M singularities? De Sitter cosmos has only one apparent horizon. Can we construct cosmos solutions with N horizons? In this article, we present the static and spherically symmetric black hole and cosmos solutions with N horizons and M singularities in the vect…
We show that Weyl-invariant dilaton gravity provides a description of black holes without classical spacetime singularities. Singularities appear due to ill-behaviour of gauge fixing conditions, one example being the gauge in which theory is classically equivalent to standard General Relativity. The main conclusions of our analysis are: (1) singularities signal a phase transition from broken to unbroken phase of Weyl symmetry, (2) instead of a singularity there is a "baby-universe" or a white hole inside a black hole, (3) in the baby universe scenario there is a critical mass after which reduc…
It is shown that, in contrast to the case of extreme 4d dilatonic black holes, 4d neutral dilatonic black holes with horizon singularities can not be interpreted as nonsingular nondilatonic black p-branes in (4+p) dimensions, regardless of the number of extra dimensions p. That is, extra dimensions do not remove naked singularities of 4d neutral dilatonic black holes.
Using a solution-generating method, we derive an exact solution of the Einstein's field equations in five dimensions describing multi-black hole configurations. More specifically, this solution describes systems of non-extremal static black holes with Kaluza-Klein asymptotics. As expected, we find that, in general, there are conical singularities in-between the Kaluza-Klein black holes that cannot be completely eliminated. Notwithstanding the presence of these conical singularities, such solutions still exhibit interesting thermodynamical properties. By choosing an appropriate set of thermodyn…
We compute the semi-classical potential arising from a generic theory of cubic gravity, a higher derivative theory of spin-2 particles, in the framework of modern amplitude techniques. We show that there are several interesting aspects of the potential, including some non-dispersive terms that lead to black hole solutions (include quantum corrections) that agree with those derived in Einsteinian cubic gravity (ECG). We show that these non-dispersive terms could be obtained from theories that include the Gauss-Bonnet cubic invariant $G_3$. In addition, we derive the one-loop scattering amplitud…
We study a static, spherically symmetric and asymptotic flat spacetime, assuming the hypersurface orthogonal Einstein-aether theory with an ultraviolet modification motivated by the Horava-Lifshitz theory, which is composed of the $z=2$ Lifshitz scaling terms such as scalar combinations of a three-Ricci curvature and the acceleration of the aether field. For the case with the quartic term of the acceleration of the aether field, we obtain a two-parameter family of black hole solutions, which possess a regular universal horizon. While, if three-Ricci curvature squared term is joined in ultravio…
Adopting the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff formalism, we propose a new analytical solution for a static and spherically symmetric black hole where the cosmological constant is generalized to a non-isotropic Anton-Schmidt fluid acting as a unified dark energy - dark matter source. Our novel result can describe a black hole in energetic equilibrium with the surrounding universe. We thus investigate the interplay between the mass of the black hole and the parameters of the Anton-Schmidt equation of state, and physically interpret the solution as a family of space-time metrics that may describe both …
In spherical symmetry, solutions of the semiclassical Einstein equations belong to one of two possible classes. Both classes contain solutions that -- depending on the dynamic behavior of the horizon -- describe evaporating physical black holes or expanding white holes (trapped/anti-trapped regions that form in finite time of a distant observer). These solutions are real-valued only if the null energy condition (NEC) is violated in the vicinity of the Schwarzschild sphere. We review their properties and describe the only consistent black hole formation scenario. While the curvature scalars are…
The hybrid metric-Palatini theory of gravity (HMPG), proposed in 2012 by T. Harko et al., is known to successfully describe both local (solar-system) and cosmological observations. We discuss static, spherically symmetric vacuum solutions of HMPG with the aid of its scalar-tensor representation. This scalar-tensor theory coincides with general relativity with a conformally coupled scalar field (which can be canonical or phantom), therefore the known solutions of this theory are re-interpreted in terms of HMPG. In particular, in the case of zero scalar field potential $V (ϕ)$, such that both Ri…
Given a set of sources and one-point function data for a Lorentzian holographic QFT, does the Fefferman-Graham expansion converge? If it does, what sets the radius of convergence, and how much of the interior of the spacetime can be reconstructed using this expansion? As a step towards answering these questions we consider real analytic CFT data, where in the absence of logarithms, the radius is set by singularities of the complex metric reached by analytically continuing the Fefferman-Graham radial coordinate. With the conformal boundary at the origin of the complex radial plane, real Lorentz…
We study the evolution of the Gregory-Laflamme instability for black strings in global AdS spacetime, and investigate the CFT dual of the formation of a bulk naked singularity. Using an effective theory in the large D limit, we uncover a rich variety of dynamical behaviour, depending on the thickness of the string and on initial perturbations. These include: large inflows of horizon generators from the asymptotic boundary (a `black tsunami'); a pinch-off of the horizon that likely reveals a naked singularity; and competition between these two behaviours, such as a nakedly singular pinch-off th…
We compute thermal 2-point correlation functions in the black brane $AdS_5$ background dual to 4d CFT's at finite temperature for operators of large scaling dimension. We find a formula that matches the expected structure of the OPE. It exhibits an exponentiation property, whose origin we explain. We also compute the first correction to the two-point function due to graviton emission, which encodes the proper time from the event horizon to the black hole singularity.
We test whether static charged dilaton black holes in 2+1 dimensions can be turned into naked singularities, by sending in test particles from infinity. We derive that overcharging is possible and generic for both extremal and nearly extremal black holes. Our analysis also imply that nearly extremal charged dilaton black holes can be continuously driven to extremality and beyond, unlike nearly extremal Baunados-Teitelboim-Zanelli, Kerr and Reissner-Nordström black holes which are overspun or overcharged by a discrete jump. Thus the weak form of the cosmic censorship conjecture and the third la…
