arXiv 2201.053002022-01astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph

宇宙学21厘米线观测以检验超级爱丁顿吸积到作为高红移超大质量黑洞种子的黑洞上的方案

Cosmological 21cm line observations to test scenarios of super-Eddington accretion on to black holes being seeds of high-redshifted supermassive black holes

Kazunori Kohri, Toyokazu Sekiguchi, Sai Wang

备注：: 13 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevD.106.043539

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摘要：

本文研究了高红移$z > 10$黑洞的超爱丁顿吸积过程，这些吸积过程有望在红移$z \sim 7$之前演化为超大质量黑洞.对于初始质量为BH种子的$M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 2 \times 10^{3} M_{\odot}$，我们肯定需要超爱丁顿吸积，它可以适用于天体物理和原始起源。这样的吸积盘不可避免地发射出高能光子，这些光子不断地从高红移中加热星系间介质的宇宙等离子体。在这种情况下，宇宙气体温度的宇宙历史被修改，从而抑制了宇宙21厘米线的吸收特征。通过比较21厘米线吸收的理论预测与$z\sim17$的观测数据，我们得到了作为种子BH质量的函数的质量吸积率的宇宙学上限。为了在$z \sim 7$上实现$M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^9 M_{\odot}$，通过对种子BH的连续质量吸积，使其与$z \sim 17$上的宇宙学21 cm线吸收一致，当我们假设种子BH具有其共动数密度$n_{\rm seed,0} \sim 10^{-3} {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$（$n_{\rm seed,0} \sim 10^{-7} {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$）时，我们得到了种子BH初始质量的严格上界为$M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 10^2 M_{\odot}$（$M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 10^6 M_{\odot}$）.我们还讨论了一些应用到原始黑洞作为种子黑洞的影响。

英文摘要：

In this paper, we study scenarios of the super-Eddington accretion onto black holes at high redshifts $z > 10$, which are expected to be seeds to evolve to supermassive black holes until redshift $z \sim 7$. For an initial mass, $M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 2 \times 10^{3} M_{\odot}$ of a seed BH, we definitely need the super-Eddington accretion, which can be applicable to both astrophysical and primordial origins. Such an accretion disk inevitably emitted high-energy photons which had heated the cosmological plasma of the inter-galactic medium continuously from high redshifts. In this case, the cosmic history of cosmological gas temperature is modified, by which the absorption feature of the cosmological 21 cm lines is suppressed. By comparing theoretical predictions of the 21cm line absorption with the observational data at $z\sim17$, we obtain a cosmological upper bound on the mass-accretion rate as a function of the seed BH masses. In order to realize $M_{\rm BH} \sim 10^9 M_{\odot}$ at $z \sim 7$ by a continuous mass-accretion on to a seed BH, to be consistent with the cosmological 21cm line absorption at $z \sim 17$, we obtained an severe upper bound on the initial mass of the seed BH to be $M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 10^2 M_{\odot}$ ($M_{\rm BH, ini} \lesssim 10^6 M_{\odot}$) when we assume a seed BH with its comoving number density $n_{\rm seed,0} \sim 10^{-3} {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$ ($n_{\rm seed,0} \sim 10^{-7} {\rm Mpc}^{-3}$). We also discuss some implications for application to primordial black holes as the seed black holes.

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