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arXiv 2201.03238cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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具有拓扑保护多螺旋面态的$Z_2$ Dirac点

$Z_2$ Dirac points with topologically protected multihelicoid surface states

Tiantian Zhang, Daisuke Hara, Shuichi Murakami

摘要:

在一些具有时间反演(T)和滑移(G)对称性的狄拉克系统中,出现了多螺旋表面态(MHSS),如在电子和光子系统中所讨论的那样。然而,MHSSs的拓扑性质和出现的条件还没有被理解。在这里,我们表明,MHSSs的结果从体表面对应的$Z_2$的电荷Q,它不能被定义为一个本地量与狄拉克点,不像Z的电荷特征外尔点。先前已知的Q公式是非规范不变的,因此不能表征MHSS。通过将Q重新定义为k-空间中的全局拓扑不变量来修正Q定义的这一缺陷。令人惊讶的是,新定义的Q,GT不变的无隙系统的特征,是等于G保护的$Z_2$拓扑不变量v,这是非平凡的,只有在T-破缺有隙系统。Q的这种全局定义自动保证了MHSSs的出现,即使狄拉克点通过降低对称性分裂成外尔点或节环,只要GT对称性保持不变。Q可以被简化为基于双折射的指标时,两个垂直的G被保存,和填充强制拓扑晶体绝缘体诊断在几种情况下,当T-破波扰动引起的。材料候选人Li 2B 4 O 7连同保留MHSSs的空间群的列表也被提出。

英文摘要:

In some Dirac systems with time-reversal (T) and glide (G) symmetries, multihelicoid surface states (MHSSs) appear, as discussed in various systems such as electronic and photonic ones. However, the topological nature and the conditions for the appearance of the MHSSs have not been understood. Here we show that MHSSs result from bulk-surface correspondence for the $Z_2$ monopole charge Q, which cannot be defined as a local quantity associated with the Dirac point, unlike the Z monopole charge characterizing Weyl points. The previously known formula of Q turns out to be non-gauge-invariant and thus cannot characterize the MHSSs. This shortcoming of the definition of Q is amended by redefining Q as a global topological invariant in k-space. Surprisingly, the newly defined Q, characterizing GT invariant gapless systems, is equal to the G-protected $Z_2$ topological invariant v, which is nontrivial only in T-breaking gapped systems. This global definition of Q automatically guarantees the appearance of MHSSs even when the Dirac point splits into Weyl points or a nodal ring by lowering the symmetry, as long as the GT symmetry is preserved. Q can be simplified to symmetry-based indicators when two vertical Gs are preserved, and filling-enforced topological crystalline insulators are diagnosed in several cases when a T-breaking perturbation is induced. Material candidate Li2B4O7 together with a list of space groups preserving MHSSs are also proposed.

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