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arXiv 2201.01920q-bio.BMcond-mat.soft
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应用分析理论于无序蛋白质序列相关相分离的数值技术

Numerical Techniques for Applications of Analytical Theories to Sequence-Dependent Phase Separations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Yi-Hsuan Lin, Jonas Wessén, Tanmoy Pal, Suman Das, Hue Sun Chan

摘要:

生物分子冷凝物,在很大程度上由液-液相分离(LLPS)物理支撑,现在被许多实验研究广泛认为具有基础生物学,生物医学和生物物理学的重要性。在面对实验发现,分析配方出现作为一个强大的,但易于处理的工具,在最近的理论研究中的作用,LLPS在这些冷凝物的组装和解离。相关的LLPS通常涉及,但不是唯一的,内在无序的蛋白质参与由其氨基酸序列控制的多价相互作用。对于有兴趣应用这些理论方法的研究人员,在这里,我们提供了一个实用的指南,一套计算技术,旨在从分析配方中提取序列相关的LLPS属性。所涵盖的数值程序包括那些从一般的自由能函数的spinodal和binodal相边界的测定与聚合物理论的无规相近似的基础上的例子,多组分LLPS的连接线的建设,和多链杂聚系统使用复杂的Langevin动力学的场论模拟。由于一个更准确的物理图片往往需要比较分析理论对显链模型的预测,粗粒度的分子动力学模拟的序列特异性LLPS的常用方法也简要概述。

英文摘要:

Biomolecular condensates, physically underpinned to a significant extent by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), are now widely recognized by numerous experimental studies to be of fundamental biological, biomedical, and biophysical importance. In the face of experimental discoveries, analytical formulations emerged as a powerful yet tractable tool in recent theoretical investigations of the role of LLPS in the assembly and dissociation of these condensates. The pertinent LLPS often involves, though not exclusively, intrinsically disordered proteins engaging in multivalent interactions that are governed by their amino acid sequences. For researchers interested in applying these theoretical methods, here we provide a practical guide to a set of computational techniques devised for extracting sequence-dependent LLPS properties from analytical formulations. The numerical procedures covered include those for the determinination of spinodal and binodal phase boundaries from a general free energy function with examples based on the random phase approximation in polymer theory, construction of tie lines for multiple-component LLPS, and field-theoretic simulation of multiple-chain heteropolymeric systems using complex Langevin dynamics. Since a more accurate physical picture often requires comparing analytical theory against explicit-chain model predictions, a commonly utilized methodology for coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of sequence-specific LLPS is also briefly outlined.

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