arXiv 2201.009022022-01-03astro-ph.GA

高密度行星状星云中的离散因子

Abundance Discrepancy Factors in high density planetary nebulae

Francisco Ruiz-Escobedo, Miriam Peña

备注：: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 4 figures, 14 tables
DOI：: 10.1093/mnras/stac003

摘要：

根据高分辨率光谱，已经确定了行星状星云Cn 3-1、Vy 2-2、Hu 2-1、Vy 1-2和IC 4997的碰撞激发线和光学复合线的化学丰度，这些天体都是年轻而致密的天体。本研究的主要目的是推导出两个细胞系之间的O $^{+2}$ /H $^{+}$绝对离散因子（ADF）。He，O，N，Ne，Ar，S和Cl的丰度，我们的值与以前报道的一致。我们发现Cn 3-1、Hu 2-1和Vy 1-2具有典型的盘状PNe的O丰度，而Vy 2-2和IC 4997是低O丰度天体（$\rm{12+log(O/H) \sim 8.2}$），这可以归因于O可能耗尽到尘埃颗粒中。分别测定Vy 2-2、Hu 2-1、Vy 1-2和IC 4997的$4.30^{+1.00}_{-1.16}$、$1.85 \pm 1.05$、$5.34^{+1.27}_{-1.08}$和$4.87^{+4.34}_{-2.71}$的ADF（O $^{+2}$）。分析了每种情况下的CELs和ORL的运动学，以研究星云中不同共存等离子体发射它们的可能性。[O III]和O II的膨胀速度在三个PNe的不确定性范围内是相等的，没有证据表明这些线在不同的区域发射。例外是Hu 2-1和Vy 2-2，其中ORL可能在与CEL不同的区域中发射。对于Vy 2-2和IC 4997，我们发现同一离子（S $^+$，N $^{+}$，Ar $^{+2}$，Ar $^{+3}$，O $^{+2}$）的星云线和极光线可能呈现不同的膨胀速度。极光谱线的$\rm{V_{exp}}$较低，这可能表明它们比星云谱线发射在更致密的内部区域。

英文摘要：

From high-resolution spectra, chemical abundances from collisionally excited lines (CELs) and optical recombination lines (ORLs) have been determined for planetary nebulae Cn 3-1, Vy 2-2, Hu 2-1, Vy 1-2 and IC 4997, which are young and dense objects. The main aim of this work is to derive their O$^{+2}$/H$^{+}$ Abundance Discrepancy Factors, ADFs, between CELs and ORLs. He, O, N, Ne, Ar, S, and Cl abundances were obtained and our values are in agreement with those previously reported. We found that Cn 3-1, Hu 2-1, and Vy 1-2 have O abundances typical of disc PNe, while Vy 2-2 and IC 4997 are low O abundance objects ($\rm{12+log(O/H) \sim 8.2}$), which can be attributed to possible O depletion into dust grains. ADFs(O$^{+2}$) of $4.30^{+1.00}_{-1.16}$, $1.85 \pm 1.05$, $5.34^{+1.27}_{-1.08}$ and $4.87^{+4.34}_{-2.71}$ were determined for Vy 2-2, Hu 2-1, Vy 1-2 and IC 4997, respectively. The kinematics of CELs and ORLs was analysed for each case to study the possibility that different coexisting plasmas in the nebula emit them. Expansion velocities of [O III] and O II are equal within uncertainties in three PNe, providing no evidence for these lines being emitted in different zones. Exception are Hu 2-1 and Vy 2-2, where ORLs might be emitted in different zones than CELs. For Vy 2-2 and IC 4997 we found that nebular and auroral lines of the same ion (S$^+$, N$^{+}$, Ar$^{+2}$, Ar$^{+3}$, O$^{+2}$) might present different expansion velocities. Auroral lines show lower $\rm{V_{exp}}$ which might indicate that they are emitted in a denser and inner zone than the nebular ones.

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