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arXiv 2112.03347eess.SYcs.SY
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不确定动力系统控制安全保证的结构化学习

Structured learning of safety guarantees for the control of uncertain dynamical systems

Marc-Antoine Beaudoin, Benoit Boulet

摘要:

将动力系统保持在状态约束内的方法通常依赖于基于模型的安全条件来限制控制信号。在面对显著的建模不确定性时,由于安全条件变得过于保守,系统可能遭受重要的性能损失。机器学习可以用来减少系统动态的不确定性,并实现更高的性能。在这篇文章中,我们提出了安全的不确定性学习原则,并认为学习必须适当地结构化,以保持安全保证。例如,鲁棒的安全条件是必要的,并且在学习之前必须用保守的不确定性界限初始化它们。此外,只有在收集的数据足以捕获未来的系统行为时,才应该收紧不确定性界限。为了支持该原理,利用控制障碍函数解决了两个示例问题:用于自主车辆的车道变换控制器和自适应巡航控制器。这项工作提供了一种方法来评估机器学习是否在控制不确定动力系统时保持安全保证。它还强调了学习控制的挑战性方面。

英文摘要:

Approaches to keeping a dynamical system within state constraints typically rely on a model-based safety condition to limit the control signals. In the face of significant modeling uncertainty, the system can suffer from important performance penalties due to the safety condition becoming overly conservative. Machine learning can be employed to reduce the uncertainty around the system dynamics, and allow for higher performance. In this article, we propose the safe uncertainty learning principle, and argue that the learning must be properly structured to preserve safety guarantees. For instance, robust safety conditions are necessary, and they must be initialized with conservative uncertainty bounds prior to learning. Also, the uncertainty bounds should only be tightened if the collected data sufficiently capture the future system behavior. To support the principle, two example problems are solved with control barrier functions: a lane-change controller for an autonomous vehicle, and an adaptive cruise controller. This work offers a way to evaluate if machine learning preserves safety guarantees during the control of uncertain dynamical systems. It also highlights challenging aspects of learning for control.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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