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arXiv 2112.00546quant-ph
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量子器件和系统中噪声、纯度变化和纠缠熵的测量方法

Methods for measuring noise, purity changes, and entanglement entropy in quantum devices and systems

Raam Uzdin

摘要:

我们目前的方法来评估量子演化过程中由于耦合到环境(耗散下文)的数量的变化率。该协议基于重复给定的量子线路(或量子操作)两次、三次等,并且在每次重复之后测量期望值。我们首先应用这种方法来测量量子线路中的纯度变化率。这提供了关于电路质量的直接信息。此外,所提出的方案能够提取耗散的贡献,如能量和相干性的量的变化。特别地,这可以应用于特定量子位的局部哈密顿。因此,我们的方法可以用来定位“热点”的耗散发生。这种方法的一个变体可以用来测量量子线路中的纠缠积累。这些方法是可扩展的,因为它们只涉及一些在NISQ设备中相对容易测量的可观测量。

英文摘要:

We present methods for evaluating the rate of change in quantities during quantum evolution due to coupling to the environment (dissipation hereafter). The protocol is based on repeating a given quantum circuit (or quantum operation) twice, thrice, and so on, and measuring an expectation value after each number of repetitions. We start by applying this method for measuring the rate of purity changes in quantum circuits. This provides direct information on the quality of the circuit. Furthermore, the presented scheme enables to distill the dissipative contribution in the changes of quantities such as energies and coherence. In particular, this can be applied to the local Hamiltonians of specific qubits. Thus, our approach can be used to locate "hotspots" where the dissipation takes place. A variant of this method can be used to measure the entanglement buildup in quantum circuits. These methods are scalable as they involve only a few observables which are relatively easy to measure in NISQ devices.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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