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arXiv 2111.05971hep-phastro-ph.CO
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宇宙学模问题的人择解

An anthropic solution to the cosmological moduli problem

Howard Baer, Vernon Barger, Robert Wiley Deal

摘要:

光模场,没有经典势的引力耦合标量场,被认为是弦论紧化的残余,对宇宙学是危险的,因为1。它们的后期衰变可能会破坏成功的大爆炸核合成(BBN),2。它们可能衰变成引力子对,这导致违反BBN约束或最轻SUSY粒子(LSP,假定构成宇宙中暗物质的至少一部分)的过度产生;它们可以直接衰变成LSP,导致总DM过量生产。这些共同构成了宇宙学模量问题(CMP)。综合效应需要最轻的模量质量m_s>~10^4 TeV,如果最轻的模量质量m_s与超对称破坏标度m_{3/2}相关,那么基础的超对称模型将是非常不自然的。我们提出了一个解决方案的CMP,其中最轻的模量的初始场强度的最轻模量被人为地选择为100 \sim 10^{-7}m_P的要求,暗物质重子物质的比例是不太远,从它的当前值,使足够的重子存在于宇宙中创建观察者。在这种情况下,在模衰变温度下,中性伴子不再通过再湮灭而过量产生暗物质,而是继承了约化的模数密度,从而获得与测量的暗物质遗迹密度一致的结果。

英文摘要:

Light moduli fields, gravitationally coupled scalar fields with no classical potential and which are expected to emerge as remnants from string theory compactification, are dangerous to cosmology in that 1. their late-time decays may disrupt successful Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), 2. they may decay into gravitino pairs which result in violation of BBN constraints or overproduction of lightest SUSY particles (LSPs, assumed to constitute at least a portion of the dark matter in the universe) and 3. they may decay directly into LSPs, resulting in gross DM overproduction. Together, these constitute the cosmological moduli problem (CMP). The combined effects require lightest modulus mass m_ϕ>~10^4 TeV, and if the lightest modulus mass m_ϕis correlated with the SUSY breaking scale m_{3/2}, then the underlying SUSY model would be highly unnatural. We present a solution to the CMP wherein the lightest modulus initial field strength ϕ_0 is anthropically selected to be ϕ_0\sim 10^{-7}m_P by the requirement that the dark matter-to-baryonic matter ratio be not-too-far removed from its present value so that sufficient baryons are present in the universe to create observers. In this case, instead of dark matter overproduction via neutralino reannihilation at the modulus decay temperature, the neutralinos inherit the reduced moduli number density, thereby gaining accord with the measured dark matter relic density.

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