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arXiv 2111.04749cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-el
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原子尺度散粒噪声谱研究YSR态的相干和非相干隧穿

Coherent and incoherent tunneling into YSR states revealed by atomic scale shot-noise spectroscopy

Umamahesh Thupakula, Vivien Perrin, Alexandra Palacio-Morales, Laurent Cario, Marco Aprili, Pascal Simon, Freek Massee

摘要:

s波超导体中的单个磁性杂质的对断裂电势在超导能隙内产生通常被称为Yu-Shiba-Rusinov(YSR)态的局域态,其隔离性质使它们成为可以容纳Majorana费米子的人工结构的理想构建块。在这方面的努力的挑战之一是了解他们的固有寿命,$\hbar/Λ$,这是预计将受到限制的非弹性耦合的连续,从而导致退相干。在这里,我们使用散粒噪声扫描隧道显微镜揭示,电子隧穿到超导2 H-NbSe $_2$介导的YSR状态是有序的作为时间的函数,证明了减少的噪声。此外,我们的数据显示伴随的电荷e和2 e的转移,表明非相干单粒子和相干Andreev过程同时进行。从实验和理论之间的定量协议,我们得到$Λ$ = 1 $μ$ eV $\ll$ $k_BT$表明,散粒噪声可以探测传统光谱的分辨率是热有限的能量和时间尺度无法访问。

英文摘要:

The pair breaking potential of individual magnetic impurities in s-wave superconductors generates localized states inside the superconducting gap commonly referred to as Yu- Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states whose isolated nature makes them ideal building blocks for artificial structures that may host Majorana fermions. One of the challenges in this endeavor is to understand their intrinsic lifetime, $\hbar/Λ$, which is expected to be limited by the inelastic coupling with the continuum thus leading to decoherence. Here we use shot-noise scanning tunneling microscopy to reveal that electron tunnelling into superconducting 2H-NbSe$_2$ mediated by YSR states is ordered as function of time, as evidenced by a reduction of the noise. Moreover, our data show the concomitant transfer of charges e and 2e, indicating that incoherent single particle and coherent Andreev processes operate simultaneously. From the quantitative agreement between experiment and theory we obtain $Λ$ = 1 $μ$eV $\ll$ $k_BT$ demonstrating that shot-noise can probe energy- and time scales inaccessible by conventional spectroscopy whose resolution is thermally limited.

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