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arXiv 2111.03082hep-phastro-ph.CO
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轻子味生成:从轻子味破坏看宇宙的重子不对称性

Leptoflavorgenesis: baryon asymmetry of the Universe from lepton flavor violation

Kyohei Mukaida, Kai Schmitz, Masaki Yamada

摘要:

带电轻子味违反(CLFV)是物理学超越标准模型的确凿证据。在即将到来的实验中发现CLFV将表明CLFV过程在早期宇宙中相对较低的温度下一定是有效的。在这封信中,我们指出,这种有效的CLFV相互作用为创造宇宙的重子不对称性开辟了新的途径。首先,我们引用了从带电轻子Yukawa相互作用到标准模型等离子体中化学输运的双圈修正,这意味着非零轻子味不对称性之和为$B-L = 0$足以产生重子不对称性。然后,我们描述了两种情况下,我们称之为{ \it leptoflavorgenesis},其中有效的CLFV过程是负责生成原始轻子味不对称,随后转换为重子不对称弱sphaleron过程。在这里,从轻子味不对称到重子不对称的转换因子被带电轻子汤川耦合的平方所抑制,这为观测到的重子-光子比的小提供了一个自然的解释。

英文摘要:

Charged-lepton flavor violation (CLFV) is a smoking-gun signature of physics beyond the Standard Model. The discovery of CLFV in upcoming experiments would indicate that CLFV processes must have been efficient in the early Universe at relatively low temperatures. In this letter, we point out that such efficient CLFV interactions open up new ways of creating the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. First, we quote the two-loop corrections from charged-lepton Yukawa interactions to the chemical transport in the Standard Model plasma, which imply that nonzero lepton flavor asymmetries summing up to $B-L = 0$ are enough to generate the baryon asymmetry. Then, we describe two scenarios of what we call {\it leptoflavorgenesis}, where efficient CLFV processes are responsible for the generation of primordial lepton flavor asymmetries that are subsequently converted to a baryon asymmetry by weak sphaleron processes. Here, the conversion factor from lepton flavor asymmetry to baryon asymmetry is suppressed by charged-lepton Yukawa couplings squared, which provides a natural explanation for the smallness of the observed baryon-to-photon ratio.

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