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arXiv 2109.08062quant-ph
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面向近期量子计算机上真实化学体系的实用量子嵌入模拟

Toward Practical Quantum Embedding Simulation of Realistic Chemical Systems on Near-term Quantum Computers

Weitang Li, Zigeng Huang, Changsu Cao, Yifei Huang, Zhigang Shuai, Xiaoming Sun, Jinzhao Sun, Xiao Yuan, Dingshun Lv

AI总结:

本文提出将自适应能量排序策略与密度矩阵嵌入理论相结合,以更浅的量子线路和更小的子问题规模在近期量子计算机上模拟真实化学体系,在C6H8加氢反应和C18分子测试中达到高精度,并将所需量子比特数从144个降至16个。

摘要:

量子计算最近在预测化学性质方面展现出巨大潜力,可应用于药物发现、材料设计和催化剂优化等多个领域。通过使用变分量子本征求解器(VQE)等量子算法,在模拟小分子(如LiH和最多12个量子比特的氢链)方面已经取得了进展。然而,由于近期量子硬件在规模和保真度方面的限制,如何精确模拟大型真实分子仍然是一个挑战。在此,我们整合了一种自适应能量排序策略和一种经典计算方法——密度矩阵嵌入理论,前者有效地找到更浅的量子线路,后者则减小了问题规模,我们展示了一种规避这些限制的方法,并证明了其解决真实化学问题的潜力。我们对C6H8的加氢反应和C18分子的平衡几何构型进行了数值测试,基组最高达到cc-pVDZ(最多144个量子比特)。模拟结果表明,其精度可与耦合簇甚至全组态相互作用等先进量子化学方法相媲美,而与传统VQE相比,所需量子比特数减少了一个数量级(C18分子从144个量子比特减少到16个量子比特)。我们的工作意味着在近期量子设备上解决工业化学问题是可能的。

英文摘要:

Quantum computing has recently exhibited great potentials in predicting chemical properties for various applications in drug discovery, material design, and catalyst optimization. Progress has been made in simulating small molecules, such as LiH and hydrogen chains of up to 12 qubits, by using quantum algorithms such as variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Yet, originating from limitations of the size and the fidelity of near-term quantum hardware, how to accurately simulate large realistic molecules remains a challenge. Here, integrating an adaptive energy sorting strategy and a classical computational method, the density matrix embedding theory, which effectively finds a shallower quantum circuit and reduces the problem size, respectively, we show a means to circumvent the limitations and demonstrate the potential toward solving real chemical problems. We numerically test the method for the hydrogenation reaction of C6H8 and the equilibrium geometry of the C18 molecule, with basis sets up to cc-pVDZ (at most 144 qubits). The simulation results show accuracies comparable to those of advanced quantum chemistry methods such as coupled-cluster or even full configuration interaction, while the number of qubits required is reduced by an order of magnitude (from 144 qubits to 16 qubits for the C18 molecule) compared to conventional VQE. Our work implies the possibility of solving industrial chemical problems on near-term quantum devices.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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