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arXiv 2109.07539math.CO
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三元线性方程组和线性不等式的Erdens-Ginzburg-Ziv型推广

Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv type generalizations for linear equations and linear inequalities in three variables

Mario Huicochea, Amanda Montejano

摘要:

对于三元线性不等式$\mathcal{L}$,我们确定(如果存在的话)最小整数$R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})$,使得:对于每个映射$χ:[1,n] \to \{0,1,2\}$,有$n\geq R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})$,都有$\mathcal{L}$的解$(x_1,x_2,x_3)\in [1,n]^3$,有$χ(x_1)+χ(x_2)+χ(x_3)\equiv 0$(mod $3$).此外,我们证明了$R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})=R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$,其中$R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$表示经典的$2$ -色Rado数,即最小整数(如果它存在),使得对于$[1,n]$的每一个$2$ -着色,用$n\geq R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$,存在$\mathcal{L}$的单色解.这样,我们得到了所有三元线性不等式的正整数解的Erdens-Ginzburg-Ziv型推广。我们还显示了一些家庭的线性方程在三个变量$\mathcal{L}$,使他们不承认这样的Erdens-Ginzburg-Ziv型推广,命名为$R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})\neq R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$。最后提出了一些问题。

英文摘要:

For any linear inequality in three variables $\mathcal{L}$, we determine (if it exist) the smallest integer $R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})$ such that: for every mapping $χ:[1,n] \to \{0,1,2\}$, with $n\geq R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})$, there is a solution $(x_1,x_2,x_3)\in [1,n]^3$ of $\mathcal{L}$ with $χ(x_1)+χ(x_2)+χ(x_3)\equiv 0$ (mod $3$). Moreover, we prove that $R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})=R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$, where $R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$ denotes the classical $2$-color Rado number, that is, the smallest integer (provided it exist) such that for every $2$-coloring of $[1,n]$, with $n\geq R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$, there exist a monochromatic solution of $\mathcal{L}$. Thus, we get an Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv type generalization for all lineal inequalities in three variables having a solution in the positive integers. We also show a number of families of linear equations in three variables $\mathcal{L}$ such that they do not admit such Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv type generalization, named $R(\mathcal{L}, \mathbb{Z}/3\mathbb{Z})\neq R(\mathcal{L}, 2)$. At the end of this paper some questions are proposed.

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