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arXiv 2109.00746astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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大多数“年轻的”富含$α$的恒星质量很高,但实际上已经很老了

Most "young" $α$-rich stars have high masses but are actually old

Meng Zhang, Mao-Sheng Xiang, Hua-Wei Zhang, Yuan-Sen Ting, Hans-Walter Rix, Ya-qian Wu, Yang Huang, Wei-Xiang Sun, Zhi-Jia Tian, Chun Wang, Xiao-Wei Liu

摘要:

最近的观测揭示了一个人口的$α$ -元素丰度增强巨星与意想不到的高质量($\gtrsim$ 1 $M_\odot$)从星震分析和光谱。假设是单星演化,它们的质量意味着年轻的年龄($τ<6$ Gyr),与规范的银河系化学演化情景不相容。在这里,我们研究的化学和运动学的一个大的样本,这样的$α$丰富的,高质量的红巨星分支(RGB)恒星从LAMOST光谱调查。使用LAMOST和盖亚,我们发现这些恒星共享相同的运动学的规范高$α$老恒星星族在银河系厚盘。恒星丰度显示,这些高$α$质量恒星具有类似于高$α$年龄厚盘星的$α$ -和铁-峰值元素丰度。然而,它们中的一部分具有较高的[(N+C)/Fe]和[Ba/Fe]比值,这意味着它们从额外的来源获得了富C和富Ba的物质,可能是渐近巨星分支(AGB)伴星。这些结果支持了先前的建议,即这些RGB恒星是双星演化的产物。它们的高质量因此模仿“年轻”的单星,但事实上它们属于固有的老恒星星族。为了充分解释我们的样本星的恒星丰度模式,需要多种双星演化通道,如主序(MS)+ RGB,MS + AGB,RGB + RGB和RGB + AGB,指出这些重新焕发活力的食人族的不同形成机制。有了这个更大的样本,我们的结果证实了早期的发现,即银河系盘中大多数(如果不是全部的话)富含$α$的恒星似乎都很老。

英文摘要:

Recent observations have revealed a population of $α$-element abundances enhanced giant stars with unexpected high masses ($\gtrsim$1 $M_\odot$) from asteroseismic analysis and spectroscopy. Assuming single-star evolution, their masses imply young ages ($τ<6$Gyr) incompatible with the canonical Galactic chemical evolution scenario. Here we study the chemistry and kinematics of a large sample of such $α$-rich, high-mass red giant branch (RGB) stars drawn from the LAMOST spectroscopic surveys. Using LAMOST and Gaia, we found these stars share the same kinematics as the canonical high-$α$ old stellar population in the Galactic thick disk. The stellar abundances show that these high-$α$ massive stars have $α$- and iron-peak element abundances similar to those of the high-$α$ old thick disk stars. However, a portion of them exhibit higher [(N+C)/Fe] and [Ba/Fe] ratios, which implies they have gained C- and Ba-rich materials from extra sources, presumably asymptotic giant branch (AGB) companions. The results support the previous suggestion that these RGB stars are products of binary evolution. Their high masses thus mimic "young" single stars, yet in fact they belong to an intrinsic old stellar population. To fully explain the stellar abundance patterns of our sample stars, a variety of binary evolution channels, such as, main-sequence (MS) + RGB, MS + AGB, RGB + RGB and RGB + AGB, are required, pointing to diverse formation mechanisms of these seemly rejuvenated cannibals. With this larger sample, our results confirm earlier findings that most, if not all, $α$-rich stars in the Galactic disk seem to be old.

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