arXiv 2108.124842021-08-27nucl-th

超重核能级密度参数的能量比

Energy dependent ratios of level-density parameters in superheavy nuclei

A. Rahmatinejad, T. M. Shneidman, G. Adamian, N. V. Antonenko, P. Jachimowicz, M. Kowal

备注：: submitted to PRC

摘要：

本文计算了$Z$ =112-120的超重核同位素链裂变势垒$a_{f}$鞍点处裂变核的能级密度和能级密度参数，以及中子$a_{n}$、质子$a_{p}$和$α$ -粒子- $a_α$发射剩余的基态能级密度和能级密度参数。的计算进行超流形式主义使用的单粒子能量从变形的Woods-Saxon势的对角化。在绝热势能面的全局极小点处产生光谱，该极小点由多维极小化方法得到，在适当的鞍点处产生光谱，该鞍点由多维能量网格上的“浸没水流”技术得到，允许反射和轴对称破缺。壳效应的影响的能量依赖性的比率的水平密度参数对应于所考虑的衰变模式的剩余物的中子发射的影响进行了研究。我们已经表明，与$a_{f}/a_{n}$比率相反，$a_{p}/a_{n}$和$a_α/a_{n}$比率不显示取决于所形成的复合核的激发能的特征最大值。在α衰变的情况下，我们确定了集群自由度引起的集体增强发挥了相当重要的作用。能级密度参数在达到渐近值之前的变化的能量过程，到目前为止还没有考虑到，对于估算轻粒子发射与分裂竞争的去激发级联几率，从而确定超重核在具有核裂变的通道中的存活几率，以及最终的总产生截面，（光粒子）参与。

英文摘要：

The nuclear level densities and level-density parameters in fissioning nuclei at their saddle points of fission barriers - $a_{f}$, as well as those for neutron - $a_{n}$, proton - $a_{p}$ , and $α$-particle - $a_α$ emission residues at the ground states are calculated for isotopic chains of superheavy nuclei with $Z$=112-120. The calculations are performed with the superfluid formalism using the single-particle energies obtained from the diagonalization of the deformed Woods-Saxon potential. Spectra were generated at global minima of the adiabatic potential energy surfaces, found by the multidimensional minimization method, and at the proper saddle points, found by the "immersion water flow" technique on multidimensional energy grids, with allowed the reflection and axial symmetry breaking. The influence of shell effects on the energy dependence of the ratios of level-density parameters corresponding to residues of the considered decay modes to those of neutron emission is studied. We have shown that, in contrast to the $a_{f}/a_{n}$ ratio, the $a_{p}/a_{n}$ and $a_α/a_{n}$ ratios do not show characteristic maxima depending on the excitation energy of the compound nucleus being formed. In the case of alpha decay, we identified the collective enhancement caused by cluster degrees of freedom to play quite an important role. The energetic course of the variability of the level density parameters before reaching the asymptotic value, not taken into account so far, will be of great importance for the estimation of the probabilities of de-excitation cascades via light particles emission in competition with splitting and thus for the determination of the survival probabilities and finally for the total production cross-sections of superheavy nuclei in channels with their (light particles) participation.

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