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arXiv 2108.12031cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.stat-mechquant-ph
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局部猝灭后冷费米气体的超快动力学

Ultrafast dynamics of cold Fermi gas after a local quench

N. V. Gnezdilov, A. I. Pavlov, V. Ohanesjan, Y. Cheipesh, K. Schalm

摘要:

我们考虑两个初始独立的水库$A$和$B$充满冷费米气体耦合和去耦的量子猝灭后,彼此的非平衡动力学。我们发现,由淬火诱导的冯诺伊曼熵的生产是快于水库之间的热传输,并定义了系统的短时动力学。我们分析了系统中的能量变化,该系统将$A$和$B$之间传递的热量和猝灭解除储层耦合所做的功相加。在$A$和$B$短时间相互作用的情况下,我们注意到在解耦时两个储层中的能量增加。这种能量增益是由淬火的功引起的,并且不依赖于储存器之间的初始温度不平衡。我们将猝灭的工作与通过冯诺伊曼熵表达的$A$和$B$的相互关联联系起来。利用这种关系,我们表明,一旦$A$和$B$成为耦合,它们的熵增长(在费米时间的时间尺度)比系统内的热流。这一结果可以提供一个在有限温度下量子关联产生的轨迹,我们可以在超冷原子中探测,我们预计关联增长的特征时间尺度是$\sim 0.1 {\rm ms}$。

英文摘要:

We consider non-equilibrium dynamics of two initially independent reservoirs $A$ and $B$ filled with a cold Fermi gas coupled and decoupled by two quantum quenches following one another. We find that the von Neumann entropy production induced by the quench is faster than thermal transport between the reservoirs and defines the short-time dynamics of the system. We analyze the energy change in the system which adds up the heat transferred between $A$ and $B$ and the work done by the quench to uncouple the reservoirs. In the case when $A$ and $B$ interact for a short time, we notice an energy increase in both reservoirs upon decoupling. This energy gain results from the quench's work and does not depend on the initial temperature imbalance between the reservoirs. We relate the quench's work to the mutual correlations of $A$ and $B$ expressed through their von Neumann entropies. Utilizing this relation, we show that once $A$ and $B$ become coupled, their entropies grow (on a timescale of the Fermi time) faster than the heat flow within the system. This result may provide a track of quantum correlations' generation at finite temperatures which one may probe in ultracold atoms, where we expect the characteristic timescale of correlations' growth to be $\sim 0.1 {\rm ms}$.

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