Anomalies among the daughter nuclei of the extinct short-lived radionuclides (SLRs) in the calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) indicate that the Solar System must have been born near a source of the SLRs so that they could be incorporated before they decayed away. $γ$-rays from one such living SLR, $^{26}$Al, are detected in only a few nearby star-forming regions. Here we employ multi-wavelength observations to demonstrate that one such region, Ophiuchus, containing many pre-stellar cores that may serve as analogs for the emerging Solar System, is inundated with $^{26}$Al from the neighboring Upper-Scorpius association, and so may provide concrete guidance for how SLR enrichment proceeded in the Solar System complementary to the meteoritics. We demonstrate via Bayesian forward modeling drawing on a wide range of observational and theoretical results that this $^{26}$Al likely 1) arises from supernova explosions, 2) arises from multiple stars, 3) has enriched the gas prior to the formation of the cores, and 4) gives rise to a broad distribution of core enrichment spanning about two orders of magnitude. This means that if the spread in CAI ages is small, as it is in the Solar System, protoplanetary disks must suffer a global heating event.
The 200-300 GHz Survey for 18 Class II Disks in the Ophiuchus Star-Forming Complex
National Sun Yat-Sen University（国立中山大学）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；Center of Astronomy and Gravitation, National Taiwan Normal University（国立台湾师范大学天文与引力研究中心）；National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家天文台）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian（哈佛-史密森天体物理中心）；Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校天文学系）
On dust evolution in planet-forming discs in binary systems. II -- Comparison with Taurus and $ρ$ Ophiuchus (sub-)millimetre observations: discs in binaries have small dust sizes
Keck Observations in the INfrared of Taurus and $ρ$ Oph Exoplanets And Ultracool dwarfs (KOINTREAU) II: Two Young Bound Companions to Ophiuchus Stars
Institute for Astronomy at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa（夏威夷大学马诺阿分校天文研究所）；Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院天文学系）；Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院喷气推进实验室）；Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学天文研究所）；Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院凯尔天文与天体物理中心）；P.E.S., Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur（蔚蓝海岸观测站）；California State University Northridge（北岭加州州立大学）
