蛇夫座恒星形成区的原行星盘巡天：邻近恒星形成区的环境效应
Disk survey in the Serpens star-forming region: Environmental effects in nearby star-forming regions
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- Leiden University（莱顿大学）
- University of Leicester（莱斯特大学）
- University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa（夏威夷大学马诺阿分校）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究通过ALMA巡天蛇夫座321个年轻恒星天体，对比其他邻近恒星形成区的原行星盘质量与三维恒星密度，揭示蛇夫座未经历强潮汐截断，且部分区域原行星盘质量偏低或与致密环境早期潮汐截断有关。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
原行星盘所处的外部环境调控着盘的演化。外部辐射会加热并蒸发气体，频繁的恒星交会会截断原行星盘，二者均可减小原行星盘的大小与质量。对不同环境的邻近恒星形成区开展原行星盘巡天，有助于我们理解外部环境如何影响原行星盘的演化。蛇夫座恒星形成区被认为是致密的，但并未受到大质量恒星的强烈辐射，是研究动力学效应对原行星盘性质影响的理想实验室。我们旨在通过将蛇夫座与其他邻近恒星形成区的原行星盘质量及三维恒星密度进行比较，探究动力学相互作用如何改变原行星盘的尘埃质量。我们使用阿塔卡马大型毫米波/亚毫米波阵列（ALMA）以0.25角秒的分辨率对蛇夫座中从I类到III类的321个年轻恒星天体进行巡天，在光学薄假设下通过毫米波观测测量原行星盘的尘埃质量，并利用盖亚（Gaia）数据重新计算三维恒星密度。我们将相同方法应用于其他邻近恒星形成区，以与蛇夫座进行直接比较。蛇夫座的累积原行星盘尘埃质量分布与年龄相近的邻近恒星形成区（如豺狼座（Lupus）和金牛座（Taurus））相似。结合三维恒星密度的重新评估，这表明蛇夫座可能并未经历过能产生更低原行星盘尘埃质量的强潮汐截断。我们还发现，当仅考虑明确被识别为年轻（1-2百万年）子星族成员的原行星盘时，蛇夫座和南冕座（Corona Australis）中原行星盘尘埃质量偏低的矛盾可得到解决。未被盖亚识别的原行星盘，尤其是在蛇夫座中的那些，在二维投影天球平面上呈空间聚集分布，且质量低于附近被盖亚识别的原行星盘，这可能反映了更致密环境中更早演化阶段的潮汐截断效应。
英文摘要
The external environment where protoplanetary disks are embedded regulates disk evolution. External irradiation, which heats and evaporates gas, as well as frequent stellar encounters, which truncate disks, can reduce disk sizes and masses. Disk surveys in nearby star-forming regions with various environments can help us understand how external environments impact disk evolution. The Serpens star-forming region, which is thought to be dense but not highly irradiated by massive stars, is an ideal laboratory to study the dynamical effects on disk properties. We aim to study how dynamical interactions modify disk dust masses by comparing Serpens with other nearby star-forming regions through their disk masses and 3D stellar densities. We survey 321 young stellar objects from Class I to III in Serpens using ALMA at 0.25 arcsec. We measure disk dust masses from millimeter observations under the optically thin assumption and recompute the 3D stellar density using Gaia data. We apply the same method to other nearby star-forming regions for direct comparison with Serpens. The cumulative disk dust mass distribution of Serpens is similar to those of similarly aged nearby star-forming regions, such as Lupus and Taurus. Along with re-assessment of the 3D stellar density, it suggests that Serpens is not likely to have experienced strong tidal truncation capable of producing lower disk dust masses. We also find that the low disk dust mass tension in Ophiuchus and Corona Australis can be resolved when only disks that have been explicitly identified as members of young (1-2 Myr) sub-clusters are considered. Disks without Gaia identifications, especially in Ophiuchus, are spatially clustered in the 2D projected sky plane and less massive than nearby disks with Gaia identifications, possibly tracing the effects of tidal truncation in denser environments at earlier evolutionary stages.
