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arXiv 2108.06382cond-mat.soft
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了解疏水效应:从水密度波动的见解

Understanding Hydrophobic Effects: Insights from Water Density Fluctuations

Nicholas B. Rego, Amish J. Patel

摘要:

疏水溶质对水的厌恶驱动了材料科学、生物学等领域的各种相互作用和组装。在这里,我们回顾了理论,计算和实验的发展,支持当代理解的疏水效应。%我们讨论了如何在散装水的密度波动的理解可以揭示分子和宏观溶质的水合作用的根本差异,这些差异,反过来,解释了为什么疏水相互作用在温度升高时变得更强。我们还说明了表面疏水性的化学和地形图案的表面显示,这使得使用近似的方法来估计疏水性特别具有挑战性的敏感依赖。重要的是,复杂表面的疏水性,如那些蛋白质,显示纳米级的异质性,仍然可以使用界面水密度波动的特点;这样的表征也通知蛋白质区域介导它们的相互作用。最后,我们建立在疏水性水合的理解和表征疏水性的能力,告知上下文相关的热力学力,驱动疏水相互作用和去溶剂化障碍,阻碍他们。

英文摘要:

The aversion of hydrophobic solutes for water drives diverse interactions and assemblies across materials science, biology and beyond. % Here, we review the theoretical, computational and experimental developments which underpin a contemporary understanding of hydrophobic effects. % We discuss how an understanding of density fluctuations in bulk water can shed light on the fundamental differences in the hydration of molecular and macroscopic solutes; these differences, in turn, explain why hydrophobic interactions become stronger upon increasing temperature. We also illustrate the sensitive dependence of surface hydrophobicity on the chemical and topographical patterns the surface displays, which makes the use approximate approaches for estimating hydrophobicity particularly challenging. Importantly, the hydrophobicity of complex surfaces, such as those of proteins, which display nanoscale heterogeneity, can nevertheless be characterized using interfacial water density fluctuations; such a characterization also informs protein regions that mediate their interactions. Finally, we build upon an understanding of hydrophobic hydration and the ability to characterize hydrophobicity to inform the context-dependent thermodynamic forces that drive hydrophobic interactions and the desolvation barriers that impede them.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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