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arXiv 2108.04702gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-th
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类Kerr黑洞在Einstein-Bumblebee引力中的超辐射不稳定性

Superradiant instability of the Kerr-like black hole in Einstein-bumblebee gravity

Rui Jiang, Rui-Hui Lin, Xiang-Hua Zhai

摘要:

在洛伦兹对称性自发破缺的爱因斯坦-大黄蜂引力模型中,最近得到了一个精确的类克尔解。本文研究了类克尔黑洞在大质量标量场扰动下的超辐射不稳定性。我们发现洛伦兹破缺参数$L$不影响超辐射区或束缚态区。然而,由于$L$出现在度规中,并且它的影响不能通过重新定义旋转参数$\tilde{a}=\sqrt{1+L}a$来消除,它确实影响了束缚态光谱和超辐射。我们用连分式方法计算了束缚态谱,并讨论了$L$对最大束缚能和阻尼率的影响。由于超辐射条件和束缚态条件都能满足,因此可能发生超辐射不稳定性。与Kerr黑洞相比,该黑洞的超辐射不稳定性不仅非单调地依赖于黑洞的转动参数$\tilde{a}$和黑洞质量$M$与场质量$μ$的乘积,而且还依赖于Lorentz破缺参数$L$ .通过Monte Carlo方法,我们发现对于$l=m=1$态,最不稳定的模出现在$L=-0.79637$,$\tilde{a}/M=0.99884$和$Mμ=0.43920$处,其场的最大增长率约为Kerr黑洞中的10倍.

英文摘要:

An exact Kerr-like solution has been obtained recently in Einstein-bumblebee gravity model where Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken. In this paper, we investigate the superradiant instability of the Kerr-like black hole under the perturbation of a massive scalar field. We find the Lorentz breaking parameter $L$ does not affect the superradiance regime or the regime of the bound states. However, since $L$ appears in the metric and its effect cannot be erased by redefining the rotation parameter $\tilde{a}=\sqrt{1+L}a$, it indeed affects the bound state spectrum and the superradiance. We calculate the bound state spectrum via the continued-fraction method and show the influence of $L$ on the maximum binding energy and the damping rate. The superradiant instability could occur since the superradiance condition and the bound state condition could be both satisfied. Compared with Kerr black hole, the nature of the superradiant instability of this black hole depends non-monotonously not only on the rotation parameter of the black hole $\tilde{a}$ and the product of the black hole mass $M$ and the field mass $μ$, but also on the Lorentz breaking parameter $L$. Through the Monte Carlo method, we find that for $l=m=1$ state the most unstable mode occurs at $L=-0.79637$, $\tilde{a}/M=0.99884$ and $Mμ=0.43920$, with the maximum growth rate of the field $ω_{I}M=1.676\times10^{-6}$, which is about 10 times of that in Kerr black hole.

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