arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2108.04372cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.str-elmath-phmath.MP
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自由副费米$Z(N)$和自由费米$XY$量子链

Free-parafermionic $Z(N)$ and free-fermionic $XY$ quantum chains

Francisco C. Alcaraz, Rodrigo A. Pimenta

摘要:

伊辛和XY量子链的本征谱之间的关系是众所周知的。虽然伊辛模型具有$Z(2)$对称性,XY模型具有$U(1)$对称性,但两个模型都是用自由费米子准粒子来描述的。通过Jordan-Wigner变换得到了费米子的准能量。另一方面,在文献中存在一个庞大的$Z(N)$量子链族,其本征谱对于$N>2$是以自由的亚费米子给出的,并且它们不是从标准的Jordan-Wigner变换导出的。这个家族的第一个成员是$Z(N)$自由-顺费米子Baxter量子链。本文介绍了一类具有$N$ -多自旋相互作用的XY模型。与标准XY模型类似,它们具有$U(1)$对称性,也可以通过Jordan-Wigner变换求解。我们表明,适当选择的$N$ -多自旋耦合,这些XY模型的本征谱给出的组合的$Z(N)$自由parafermionic准能量。特别是所有的本征能量的$Z(N)$自由的副费米子模型也存在于相关的自由费米子XY模型。对应关系是通过确定固定特征谱的特征多项式来建立的。在$Z(N)$自由亚费米子模型中,准能量服从相关$N$ -多自旋XY模型中不存在的排斥圆原理。

英文摘要:

The relationship between the eigenspectrum of Ising and XY quantum chains is well known. Although the Ising model has a $Z(2)$ symmetry and the XY model a $U(1)$ symmetry, both models are described in terms of free-fermionic quasi-particles. The fermionic quasi-energies are obtained by means of a Jordan-Wigner transformation. On the other hand, there exist in the literature a huge family of $Z(N)$ quantum chains whose eigenspectra, for $N>2$, are given in terms of free parafermions and they are not derived from the standard Jordan-Wigner transformation. The first members of this family are the $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic Baxter quantum chains. In this paper we introduce a family of XY models that beyond two-body also have $N$-multispin interactions. Similarly to the standard XY model they have a $U(1)$ symmetry and are also solved by the Jordan-Wigner transformation. We show that with appropriate choices of the $N$-multispin couplings, the eigenspectra of these XY models are given in terms of combinations of $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic quasi-energies. In particular all the eigenenergies of the $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic models are also present in the related free-fermionic XY models. The correspondence is established via the identification of the characteristic polynomial which fixes the eigenspectrum. In the $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic models the quasi-energies obey an exclusion circle principle that is not present in the related $N$-multispin XY models.

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