arXiv 2108.042852021-08-09hep-ph

轴子的现象学理据

The Phenomenological Motivation of Axions: A Review

Drew Backhouse

备注：: 42 pages

摘要：

撇开人择论证不谈，在量子色动力学理论中没有理由遵守CP对称性。然而，在强相互作用的实验中还没有观察到这种CP对称性的破坏。这被称为强CP问题，在其最简单的表现形式中，可以通过计算π介子质量和中子电偶极矩来定量地表达。前者产生的中性π介子质量比带电π介子大，后者产生的结果比实验测量的大得多，在这两种情况下，差异都由物理量$\barθ$参数化。强CP问题可以通过包含一个新的粒子来解决，轴子，它动态地将$\barθ$设置为零，消除了这两种表现。因此，对这种粒子的实验研究是一个活跃的研究领域。本文对上述概念进行了综述。

英文摘要：

Setting aside anthropic arguments, there is no reason for CP symmetry to be obeyed within the theory of quantum chromodynamics. However, no such violation of CP symmetry has ever been observed in a strongly interacting experiment. This is known as the strong CP problem which, in its simplest manifestations, can be quantitatively formulated via a calculation of the pion masses and the neutron electric dipole moment. The former yields a larger mass for the neutral pion than its charged counterparts, the latter yields a far larger result than is experimentally measured, where in both cases the discrepancies are parameterised by the physical quantity $\barθ$. The strong CP problem can be solved via the inclusion of a new particle, the axion, which dynamically sets $\barθ$ to zero, eliminating these two manifestations. Thus, experimental searches for such a particle are an active field of research. This dissertation acts as a review of the aforementioned concepts.

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