在MedAustron IR1中，在全能量范围和临床通量率下进行Medipix3质子和碳离子测量
Medipix3 proton and carbon ion measurements across full energy ranges and at clinical flux rates in MedAustron IR1
摘要：
Medipix 3是一种带有硅传感器的混合像素探测器，已在MedAustron离子治疗中心的非临床研究室（IR 1）中作为质子和碳离子测量的束流仪器设备进行了评估。质子能量从62.4到800 MeV变化，每秒有$10^{4}$到$10^{8}$质子撞击探测器表面。对于碳离子，能量在120至400 MeV/amu之间变化，$10^{7}$至$10^{8}$碳离子每秒。测量包括同步高分辨率、光束轮廓和光束强度以及高达1000 FPS（每秒帧数）的各种光束参数、计数率线性和测量日之后使用X射线管进行的辐射损伤评估，以提供均匀的辐射测量。计数率线性被发现是线性的不确定性内（主要由加速器相关的来源，由于特殊的设置）的测量没有降级。随着时间的推移，在射束强度内识别各种频率分量，首先包括具有标准偏差的49.98 Hz，$σ=0.29$，其次是30.55 Hz $σ=0.55$，第三是252.51 Hz $σ=0.83$。在具有最高通量的测量中观察到零计数和噪声像素的数量之间的直接相关性。在一天的测量中，没有发现长期辐射损伤的确凿证据。
英文摘要：
The Medipix3, a hybrid pixel detector with a silicon sensor, has been evaluated as a beam instrumentation device with proton and carbon ion measurements in the non-clinical research room (IR1) of MedAustron Ion Therapy Center. Protons energies are varied from 62.4 to 800 MeV with $10^{4}$ to $10^{8}$ protons per second impinging on the detector surface. For carbon ions, energies are varied from 120 to 400 MeV/amu with $10^{7}$ to $10^{8}$ carbon ions per second. Measurements include simultaneous high resolution, beam profile and beam intensity with various beam parameters at up to 1000 FPS (frames per second), count rate linearity and an assessment of radiation damage after the measurement day using an x-ray tube to provide a homogeneous radiation measurement. The count rate linearity is found to be linear within the uncertainties (dominated by accelerator related sources due to special setup) for the measurements without degraders. Various frequency components are identified within the beam intensity over time firstly including 49.98 Hz with standard deviation, $σ=0.29$, secondly 30.55 Hz $σ=0.55$ and thirdly 252.51 Hz $σ=0.83$. A direct correlation between the number of zero counting and noisy pixels is observed in the measurements with the highest flux. No conclusive evidence of long term radiation damage was found as a result of these measurements over one day.
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