射频波与圆柱形密度细丝的相互作用--散射和辐射压力
Interaction of radio frequency waves with cylindrical density filaments -- scattering and radiation pressure
摘要：
射频（RF）波在托卡马克装置中的传播会受到边缘等离子体中存在的边界结构的影响。波被反射、折射和衍射，导致加热和/或电流产生的效率降低。用全波解析理论研究了单根圆柱形灯丝对射频波（低杂波、螺旋波和离子回旋波）的散射。分析揭示了各种常见的散射功能之间的三种不同的RF波，可以推断通过检查冷等离子体色散关系。物理直觉在理解实验观察和复杂数值模拟的结果方面很有用。虽然灯丝可以影响RF波的传播，但是由波施加的辐射力可以影响灯丝。灯丝上的力是用麦克斯韦应力张量确定的。1905年，坡印廷第一个评估和测量了两种不同电介质分离界面上的辐射力。对于在真空中传播并入射到玻璃表面上的普通光，坡印廷指出，表面被“拉”向真空。在磁化冷等离子体中，存在两种独立的波模。即使这些模式中只有一个被RF天线激发，灯丝也会将功率耦合到另一个模式，这是边界条件的结果。散射的这个方面对辐射力的影响超出了坡印廷的开创性贡献。力的方向取决于入射波的偏振和灯丝内部和附近的波的模式结构。它可以将灯丝拉向RF源或将其推开。对于所有三种波，力足够大，可以影响细丝的运动，并且可以通过实验测量。可以使用RF波来修改边缘湍流。
英文摘要：
The propagation of radio frequency (RF) waves in tokamaks can be affected by filamentary structures present in the edge plasma. The waves are reflected, refracted, and diffracted, leading to a decrease in efficiency of heating and/or current generation. The scattering of RF waves (lower hybrid, helicon, and ion cyclotron waves) by a single cylindrical filament is studied using a full-wave analytical theory. Analysis reveals a variety of common scattering features among the three different RF waves which can be inferred by examining the cold plasma dispersion relation. The physical intuition is useful in understanding experimental observations and results from complex numerical simulations. While a filament can affect the propagation of RF waves, the radiation force exerted by the waves can influence the filament. The force on a filament is determined using the Maxwell stress tensor. In 1905, Poynting was the first to evaluate and measure the radiation force on an interface separating two different dielectric media. For ordinary light propagating in vacuum and incident on a glass surface, Poynting noted that the surface is "pulled" towards the vacuum. In a magnetized cold plasma, there are two independent wave modes. Even if only one of these modes is excited by a RF antenna, a filament will couple power to the other mode, a consequence of boundary conditions. This facet of scattering has consequences on the radiation force that go beyond Poynting's seminal contribution. The direction of the force depends on the polarization of the incident wave and on the mode structure of the waves inside and in the vicinity of a filament. It can either pull a filament towards the RF source or push it away. For all three waves, the force is large enough to impact the motion of a filament and could be measured experimentally. It may be possible to modify edge turbulence using RF waves.
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