味道异常背后的μ子力
Muonic Force Behind Flavor Anomalies
摘要：
本文发展了一个经济的理论框架，用于综合解释涉及μ子的味物理异常：$(g-2)_μ$，$R_{K^{(*)}}$，以及$b \to s μ^+ μ^-$角分布和分支比，这是我们中的一些人在参考文献[1]中首次提出的。标准模型（SM）补充了一个轻子味的$\mathrm{U}(1)_X$规范组。质量为$\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ GeV的$\mathrm{U}(1)_X$规范玻色子能分辨$(g-2)_μ$张力。一个TeV尺度的轻子夸克，在$\mathrm{U}(1)_X$下带电，携带一个μ子数，并介导$B$ -衰变，而不促使带电轻子味破坏或诱导质子衰变。我们探索的理论空间的手性，无异常$\mathrm{U}(1)_X$规范扩展具有上述情况下，并确定了许多合适的电荷分配的SM $+3ν_R$费米子内容的范围内的整数电荷$X_{F_i} \in [-10,10]$。然后，我们进行了全面的唯象研究的μ介子力在代表性的基准模型。有趣的是，我们发现了可以解决张力而不冲突的互补约束的模型，所有可行的参数空间将在未来的μ子共振搜索中进行测试。最后，无反常轻子-非普适电荷分配的目录激励我们探索模型构建的不同方向。我们提出了一个模型，其中μ子质量和$(g-2)_μ$辐射产生的共同的短距离动力学后，$\mathrm{U}(1)_X$打破。我们还展示了在完全规范模型中如何在$\mathrm{U}(1)_{μ- τ}$下对矢量轻夸克荷电。
英文摘要：
We develop an economical theoretical framework for combined explanations of the flavor physics anomalies involving muons: $(g-2)_μ$, $R_{K^{(*)}}$, and $b \to s μ^+ μ^-$ angular distributions and branching ratios, that was first initiated by some of us in Ref. [1]. The Standard Model (SM) is supplemented with a lepton-flavored $\mathrm{U}(1)_X$ gauge group. The $\mathrm{U}(1)_X$ gauge boson with the mass of $\mathcal{O}(0.1)$ GeV resolves the $(g-2)_μ$ tension. A TeV-scale leptoquark, charged under the $\mathrm{U}(1)_X$, carries a muon number and mediates $B$-decays without prompting charged lepton flavor violation or inducing proton decay. We explore the theory space of the chiral, anomaly-free $\mathrm{U}(1)_X$ gauge extensions featuring the above scenario, and identify many suitable charge assignments for the SM$+3ν_R$ fermion content with the integer charges in the range $X_{F_i} \in [-10,10]$. We then carry out a comprehensive phenomenological study of the muonic force in representative benchmark models. Interestingly, we found models which can resolve the tension without conflicting the complementary constraints, and all of the viable parameter space will be tested in future muonic resonance searches. Finally, the catalog of the anomaly-free lepton-non-universal charge assignments motivated us to explore different directions in model building. We present a model in which the muon mass and the $(g-2)_μ$ are generated radiatively from a common short-distance dynamics after the $\mathrm{U}(1)_X$ breaking. We also show how to charge a vector leptoquark under $\mathrm{U}(1)_{μ- τ}$ in a complete gauge model.
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