When light travels through a medium in which the refractive index is rapidly changing with time, the light will undergo a shift in its frequency. Large frequency shifting effects have recently been reported for transparent conductive oxides. These observations have been interpreted as emerging from temporal changes to the propagation phase in a bulk medium resulting from temporal variations in the refractive index, an effect referred to as temporal refraction. Here, we show that the frequency shift in an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) layer made of indium tin oxide (ITO) originates not only from this bulk response, but includes a significant effect resulting from temporal changes to the spatial boundary conditions. This boundary effect can lead to a dominant opposing shift to the bulk effect for certain angles. Hence, this process gives rise to a frequency shift that can be tailored through the angle of incidence, decoupling the amplitude and phase modulation.
Plasmonic Electro-Optic Modulators based on Epsilon-Near-Zero Materials: Comparing the Classical Drift-Diffusion and Schrödinger-Poisson Coupling Models
Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials have emerged as viable platforms for strong nonlinear optical (NLO) interactions. The NLO phase shift in materials exhibiting an ENZ condition is extremely large, however, direct experimental measurements of the magnitude and time dynamics of this phenomenon, particularly nondegenerate NLO phase shifts, have so far been lacking. Here, we directly measure the NLO phase shift of an Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) thin film using three different techniques. By characterizing the excitation-induced, time resolved Beam Deflection (BD) of a probe beam, we measure the nondege…
An epsilon-near-zero-based nonlinear platform for ultrafast re-writable holography
University of Ottawa（渥太华大学）；Tampere University（坦佩雷大学）；University of Rochester（罗切斯特大学）；Yale University（耶鲁大学）；Technische Universität Darmstadt（达姆施塔特工业大学）
Nonreciprocal ENZ-Dielectric Bilayers: Enhancement of Nonreciprocity from a Nonlinear Transparent Conducting Oxide Thin Film at Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) Frequency
Femtosecond all-optical polarization manipulation of harmonic generation in an anisotropic strongly coupled plasmon-epsilon-near-zero metasurface
Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University（教育部光电技术与器件重点实验室、陕西省信息光子技术重点实验室，西安交通大学电子科学与工程学院）
The unique properties of the emerging photonic materials - conducting nitrides and oxides - especially their tailorability, large damage thresholds, and the so-called epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) behavior, have enabled novel photonic phenomena spanning optical circuitry, tunable metasurfaces, and nonlinear optical devices. This work explores direct control of the optical properties of polycrystalline titanium nitride (TiN) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) by tailoring the film thickness, and their potential for ENZ-enhanced photonic applications. We demonstrate that TiN-AZO bilayers act as Ferre…
In recent years, the large electric field enhancement and tight spatial confinement supported by the so-called epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) mode have attracted significant attention for the realization of efficient nonlinear optical devices. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a new type of antenna, termed an ENZ photonic gap antenna (PGA), which consists of a dielectric pillar within which a thin slab of indium tin oxide (ITO) material is embedded. In ENZ PGAs, hybrid dielectric-ENZ modes emerge from strong coupling between the dielectric antenna modes and the ENZ bulk plasmon resonance. These hyb…
Optically tunable linear and nonlinear enhancement of index of refraction
Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Hacettepe University（哈克特佩大学核科学研究所）；Department of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University（哈克特佩大学理工研究生院纳米技术与纳米医学系）；Department of Physics, Akdeniz University（安塔利亚地中海大学物理系）；Türkiye National Observatories, TUG（土耳其国家天文台）；Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University（布尔杜尔穆罕默德阿基夫埃尔索伊大学文理学院纳米科学与纳米技术系）
