AI 中文总结
本研究以近零介电常数（ENZ）材料为基础，开发光学平台调控光与物质相互作用，实现光谱选择性能量管理、增强二维材料吸收发射等，为相关领域提供高效可调的解决方案。
AI 中文摘要
调控表面的光学响应（包括反射、吸收、透射和发射）对于先进光子学、能源、热管理及光电子应用至关重要。本论文研究近零介电常数（epsilon-near-zero, ENZ）材料，特别是氧化铟锡（indium tin oxide, ITO）和氮化钛（titanium nitride, TiN），通过设计光学涂层和纳米结构来调控光与物质的相互作用；同时探索增强二维（two-dimensional, 2D）材料（如单层二硫化钼（monolayer molybdenum disulphide, MoS2））的光学吸收与发射，这类材料的原子级厚度本就限制了光相互作用。研究整合理论分析、有限元模拟、纳米加工及实验表征，开发并验证基于ENZ的光学平台：展示了一种基于ITO的多层涂层，其具有阶跃函数式的反射率，在可见到近红外范围反射率低，在可调切入波长以外反射率高，为光谱选择性能源管理提供潜力；在此基础上开发了一种基于ITO的光栅结构，实现宽带且角度鲁棒的近红外吸收，展示其在热发射应用中的潜力；进一步证明TiN薄膜可作为增强单层MoS2吸收与发射的有效平台，无需复杂纳米结构；补充研究还探讨了衬底诱导应变和离子辐照诱导缺陷作为调控MoS2电子与光学性质的方法。总体而言，本研究确立了基于ENZ材料的工程化表面作为调控光谱及光与物质相互作用的多功能平台，为能源、热管理及基于二维材料的光电子应用提供高效、可调、热稳定且可规模化的解决方案。
英文摘要
Engineering optical responses at surfaces, including reflection, absorption, transmission, and emission, is crucial for advanced photonic, energy, thermal-management, and optoelectronic applications. This thesis investigates epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials, particularly indium tin oxide (ITO) and titanium nitride (TiN), for controlling light-matter interactions through engineered optical coatings and nanostructures. It also explores the enhancement of optical absorption and emission in two-dimensional (2D) materials such as monolayer molybdenum disulphide (MoS2), whose atomic-scale thickness inherently limits light interaction. The research integrates theoretical analysis, finite-element simulations, nanofabrication, and experimental characterization to develop and validate ENZ-based optical platforms. An ITO-based multilayer coating is demonstrated to provide step-function-like reflectivity, with low reflectance in the visible-to-near-infrared range and high reflectance beyond a tunable cut-in wavelength, offering potential for spectrally selective energy management. Building on this, an ITO-based grating structure is developed to achieve broadband and angularly robust near-infrared absorption, demonstrating its potential for thermal-emission applications. TiN thin films are further demonstrated as an effective platform for enhancing the absorption and emission of monolayer MoS2 without complex nanostructuring. Complementary studies investigate substrate-induced strain and ion-irradiation-induced defects as approaches for tailoring the electronic and optical properties of MoS2. Overall, this work establishes ENZ materials based engineered surfaces as versatile platforms for spectral and light-matter interaction control, contributing to efficient, tunable, thermally stable, and scalable solutions for energy, thermal management, and 2D-material-based optoelectronic applications.
