局域体积星系的成核率
The nucleation fraction of Local Volume galaxies
摘要：
核星团（NSC）是星系中心的一种常见现象，在绝大多数中等恒星质量的星系中发现。最近的研究表明，它们很少在最小和最大质量的星系中被发现，并且成核分数在稠密的环境中增加。由于目前可用的数据有限，尚不清楚这种趋势是否适用于场星系。在这里，我们提出了我们的结果的成核分数为601星系的本地体积（$\lesssim 12$ Mpc）。这是在低密度环境中分析的最大的星系样本，覆盖了超过8个数量级的恒星质量。在本地体积样本中，我们发现一个很强的依赖性的成核分数星系恒星质量，与以前的工作。我们还发现，对于具有$M_{\star} < 10^{9}$ M $_{\odot}$的星系，早型星系比晚型星系具有更高的成核分数。局部体积中的成核分数与恒星质量、哈勃类型和局部环境密度独立相关。我们比较我们的数据在星系团环境（后发座，天炉座，室女座）通过编译以前的结果和计算恒星质量在一个均匀的方式。我们发现显着较低的成核分数（高达40 $\%$）在星系与$M_{\star} \lesssim 10^{9.5}$ M $_{\odot}$，在协议与以前的工作。我们的结果加强了球状星团和NSC之间的联系，但它是否能解释哈勃类型和局部环境的观测趋势仍不清楚。我们推测，成核分数和集群环境之间的相关性减弱的致密集群像后发座和室女座。
英文摘要：
Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are a common phenomenon in galaxy centres and are found in a vast majority of galaxies of intermediate stellar mass $10^{9}$ M$_{\odot}$. Recent investigations suggest that they are rarely found in the least and most massive galaxies and that the nucleation fraction increases in dense environments. It is unclear whether this trend holds true for field galaxies due to the limited data currently available. Here we present our results on the nucleation fraction for 601 galaxies in the Local Volume ($\lesssim 12$ Mpc). Covering more than eight orders of magnitude in stellar mass, this is the largest sample of galaxies analysed in a low-density environment. Within the Local Volume sample we find a strong dependence of the nucleation fraction on galaxy stellar mass, in agreement with previous work. We also find that for galaxies with $M_{\star} < 10^{9}$ M$_{\odot}$, early-type galaxies have a higher nucleation fraction than late-types. The nucleation fraction in the Local Volume correlates independently with stellar mass, Hubble type, and local environmental density. We compare our data to those in galaxy cluster environments (Coma, Fornax, and Virgo) by compiling previous results and calculating stellar masses in a homogeneous way. We find significantly lower nucleation fractions (up to 40$\%$) in galaxies with $M_{\star} \lesssim 10^{9.5}$ M$_{\odot}$, in agreement with previous work. Our results reinforce the connection between globular clusters and NSCs, but it remains unclear if it can explain the observed trends with Hubble type and local environment. We speculate that correlation between the nucleation fraction and cluster environment weakens for the densest clusters like Coma and Virgo.
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