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arXiv 2107.04307cond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.chem-ph
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溶液中卤化铅钙钛矿前体的形成:电子结构理论的启示

Formation of lead halide perovskite precursors in solution: Insight from electronic-structure theory

Richard Schier, Alejandro Conesa Rodriguez, Ana M. Valencia, Caterina Cocchi

摘要:

了解卤化铅(LH)钙钛矿溶液前体的形成对于深入了解这些材料向太阳能电池薄膜的演变至关重要。利用密度泛函理论结合极化连续模型,研究了18个化学式为PbX $_2$ M $_4$的配合物,其中X = Cl,Br,I和M为常用溶剂分子.通过对结构性质、结合能和电荷分布的分析,我们阐明了卤素物种和溶剂分子在LH钙钛矿前体形成中的作用。我们发现,原子间距离的卤素物种的严重影响,而充满活力的稳定性是由溶剂的协调骨干。无论溶剂,碘化铅络合物更强烈地结合比其他。基于电荷分布分析,我们发现所有的溶剂分子与LH骨架共价结合,Pb-I和Pb-Br键在溶液中失去离子性。我们的研究结果有助于澄清LH钙钛矿溶液前体的物理性质,并为其结晶中间体的进一步研究提供了一个有价值的起点。

英文摘要:

Understanding the formation of lead halide (LH) perovskite solution precursors is crucial to gain insight into the evolution of these materials to thin films for solar cells. Using density-functional theory in conjunction with the polarizable continuum model, we investigate 18 complexes with chemical formula PbX$_2$M$_4$, where X = Cl, Br, I and M are common solvent molecules. Through the analysis of structural properties, binding energies, and charge distributions, we clarify the role of halogen species and solvent molecules in the formation of LH perovskite precursors. We find that interatomic distances are critically affected by the halogen species, while the energetic stability is driven by the solvent coordination to the backbones. Regardless of the solvent, lead iodide complexes are more strongly bound than the others. Based on the charge distribution analysis, we find that all solvent molecules bind covalently with the LH backbones and that Pb-I and Pb-Br bonds lose ionicity in solution. Our results contribute to clarify the physical properties of LH perovskite solution precursors and offer a valuable starting point for further investigations on their crystalline intermediates.

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