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arXiv 2107.03376physics.flu-dyncond-mat.softphysics.bio-ph
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细长细丝间流体动力相互作用的渐近理论

Asymptotic theory of hydrodynamic interactions between slender filaments

Maria Tătulea-Codrean, Eric Lauga

摘要:

流体动力学相互作用在生物物理学研究中非常重要,因为它们影响微生物和自推进颗粒的集体和个体行为。例如,微游泳者水平的HI决定了个体之间的吸引或排斥,从而决定了他们的集体行为。同时,游泳附属物(如纤毛和鞭毛)之间的HI影响游泳步态,同步束和异时波的出现。在这项研究中,我们解决的问题之间的细长细丝分离的距离大于他们的轮廓长度(d>L)的渐近计算和数值模拟。我们首先推导出两根任意形状刚性纤维的扩展阻力矩阵的解析表达式,作为d/L>1的逆幂级数展开式。我们的渐近级数展开的系数,然后评估使用两个行之有效的方法细长细丝,连续力理论(RFT)和细长体理论(SBT),我们的渐近理论进行了验证,使用数值模拟的基础上SBT的情况下,两个平行的螺旋。该理论捕捉到了d/L>1的相互作用的定性特征,这为更深入地理解流体动力学控制的现象(如丝间同步和多鞭毛推进)开辟了道路。为了证明我们的结果的有用性,我们接下来将我们的理论应用到两个螺旋并排旋转的情况下,在那里我们量化了所有力和扭矩对它们之间的距离和相位差的依赖性。使用我们的理解成对的HI,然后我们提供的旋转螺旋的圆形阵列的情况下的物理直观。我们的理论结果将有助于研究细菌鞭毛,节纤毛和细长的微游泳者之间的HI。

英文摘要:

Hydrodynamic interactions (HIs) are important in biophysics research because they influence both the collective and the individual behaviour of microorganisms and self-propelled particles. For instance, HIs at the micro-swimmer level determine the attraction or repulsion between individuals, and hence their collective behaviour. Meanwhile, HIs between swimming appendages (e.g. cilia and flagella) influence the emergence of swimming gaits, synchronised bundles and metachronal waves. In this study, we address the issue of HIs between slender filaments separated by a distance larger than their contour length (d>L) by means of asymptotic calculations and numerical simulations. We first derive analytical expressions for the extended resistance matrix of two arbitrarily-shaped rigid filaments as a series expansion in inverse powers of d/L>1. The coefficients in our asymptotic series expansion are then evaluated using two well-established methods for slender filaments, resistive-force theory (RFT) and slender-body theory (SBT), and our asymptotic theory is verified using numerical simulations based on SBT for the case of two parallel helices. The theory captures the qualitative features of the interactions in the regime d/L>1, which opens the path to a deeper physical understanding of hydrodynamically governed phenomena such as inter-filament synchronisation and multiflagellar propulsion. To demonstrate the usefulness of our results, we next apply our theory to the case of two helices rotating side-by-side, where we quantify the dependence of all forces and torques on the distance and phase difference between them. Using our understanding of pairwise HIs, we then provide physical intuition for the case of a circular array of rotating helices. Our theoretical results will be useful for the study of HIs between bacterial flagella, nodal cilia, and slender microswimmers.

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