驱动微丝同步的双稳性
Bistability in the synchronization of actuated microfilaments
摘要：
纤毛和鞭毛是微米尺度上生物流体运输和运动的基本构件。它们通常同步跳动，并且可以在相同细胞类型中的不同同步模式之间转换。在这里，我们调查的弹性微丝的行为，从表面突出，并在其基础上由一个配置相关的扭矩驱动。我们认为充分的流体动力相互作用之间和内部的细丝和表面没有滑动。孤立的细丝表现出周期性的变形，随着驱动扭矩的大小增加，波度和频率增加。两个邻近但独立驱动的细丝同步它们的同相或反相跳动。这种同步通过流体动力学耦合和纤维弹性之间的相互作用自动产生。重要的是，同相和反相同步模式在一定范围的驱动扭矩和间隔距离内是可互换的并共存。这些研究结果是一致的实验观察的同相和反相同步的双鞭藻\textit{Chlamydomonas reinhardtii}，并可能有重要的影响，了解生物物理机制之间的过渡多个同步模式。
英文摘要：
Cilia and flagella are essential building blocks for biological fluid transport and locomotion at the micron scale. They often beat in synchrony and may transition between different synchronization modes in the same cell type. Here, we investigate the behavior of elastic microfilaments, protruding from a surface and driven at their base by a configuration-dependent torque. We consider full hydrodynamic interactions among and within filaments and no slip at the surface. Isolated filaments exhibit periodic deformations, with increasing waviness and frequency as the magnitude of the driving torque increases. Two nearby but independently-driven filaments synchronize their beating in-phase or anti-phase. This synchrony arises autonomously via the interplay between hydrodynamic coupling and filament elasticity. Importantly, in-phase and anti-phase synchronization modes are bistable and co-exist for a range of driving torques and separation distances. These findings are consistent with experimental observations of in-phase and anti-phase synchronization in the biflagellate \textit{Chlamydomonas reinhardtii} and could have important implications on understanding the biophysical mechanisms underlying transitions between multiple synchronization modes.
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