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arXiv 2106.08696cs.DS
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高质量超图划分

High-Quality Hypergraph Partitioning

Sebastian Schlag, Tobias Heuer, Lars Gottesbüren, Yaroslav Akhremtsev, Christian Schulz, Peter Sanders

摘要:

本文研究了超图的平衡划分问题,该问题要求将超图的顶点划分成大小有界的$k$不相交块,同时最小化超边上的目标函数.在这里,我们考虑最常用的连接度量。我们描述了我们的开源超图分区器KaHyPar,它基于成功的多级方法-将其推向(几乎)每个顶点的一个级别的极端。使用精心设计的数据结构和动态更新技术,这种方法提供了一个非常好的时间质量折衷。我们提出了两种预处理技术--使用局部敏感哈希的引脚稀疏化和基于Louvain算法的社区发现。社区结构用于指导逐渐收缩顶点的粗化过程。基于投资组合划分的收缩超图已经取得了良好的初始解决方案。在反转收缩的同时,高度本地化的直接$k$方式本地搜索和基于流的技术的组合采取更全局的观点,细化分区以实现高质量。可选地,模因算法演化解决方案候选池以获得甚至更高的质量。我们评估KaHyPar在一个大的实例集从广泛的应用领域。在质量方面,KaHyPar优于所有以前考虑过的可以处理大型超图的系统,如hMETIS,PaToH,Mondriaan或Zoltan。KaHyPar也比大多数这些系统更快,除了PaToH,它代表了不同的速度-质量权衡。结果甚至扩展到特殊情况下的图分区,专门的系统,如KaHIP应该有优势。

英文摘要:

This paper considers the balanced hypergraph partitioning problem, which asks for partitioning the vertices into $k$ disjoint blocks of bounded size while minimizing an objective function over the hyperedges. Here, we consider the most commonly used connectivity metric. We describe our open source hypergraph partitioner KaHyPar which is based on the successful multi-level approach -- driving it to the extreme of one level for (almost) every vertex. Using carefully designed data structures and dynamic update techniques, this approach offers a very good time-quality tradeoff. We present two preprocessing techniques -- pin sparsification using locality sensitive hashing and community detection based on the Louvain algorithm. The community structure is used to guide the coarsening process that incrementally contracts vertices. Portfolio-based partitioning of the contracted hypergraph already achieves good initial solutions. While reversing the contractions, a combination of highly-localized direct $k$-way local search and flow-based techniques that take a more global view, refine the partition to achieve high quality. Optionally, a memetic algorithm evolves a pool of solution candidates to obtain even higher quality. We evaluate KaHyPar on a large set of instances from a wide range of application domains. With respect to quality, KaHyPar outperforms all previously considered systems that can handle large hypergraphs such as hMETIS, PaToH, Mondriaan, or Zoltan. KaHyPar is also faster than most of these systems except for PaToH which represents a different speed-quality tradeoff. The results even extend to the special case of graph partitioning, where specialized systems such as KaHIP should have an advantage.

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