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arXiv 2105.02445nucl-th
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机器学习核质量

Machine learning the nuclear mass

Zepeng Gao, Yongjia Wang, Hongliang Lü, Qingfeng Li, Caiwan Shen, Ling Liu

AI总结:

本研究利用LightGBM机器学习算法改进理论核质量模型,预测未知核结合能,显著降低误差,并通过SHAP解释模型,为核物理研究提供新方法。

摘要:

背景:目前实验上已测量了约2500个核的质量,然而,基于各种理论计算,预测在从氢(Z=1)到鿫(Z=118)的核素图景中存在超过7000个同位素。探索剩余核的质量是核物理中的一个热门话题。机器学习已在许多领域作为学习大数据复杂表示的强大工具。目的:我们使用轻量梯度提升机(LightGBM),这是一种高效的机器学习算法,通过学习已测量的核质量来预测未知核的质量,并探索中子丰富侧的核素图景。结果:使用已知核的80%实验数据作为训练数据集,对于LightGBM改进的液滴模型(LDM)、DZ、WS4和FRDM模型,预测与剩余20%核的实验结合能之间的均方根偏差(RMSD)分别约为0.234 MeV、0.213 MeV、0.170 MeV和0.222 MeV。这些值分别比相应的原始质量模型小约90%、65%、40%和60%。对于出现在AME2020中的66个新测量核,其RMSD也以相同方式显著改善。这些改进模型预测的单中子分离能和双中子分离能与基于各种物理模型的多个理论预测一致。结论:LightGBM可用于改进理论核质量模型,从而预测未知核的结合能。此外,输入特征量与输出之间的相关性可以通过SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP,一种流行的可解释人工智能工具)进行解释,这可能为发展理论核质量模型提供新的见解。

英文摘要:

Background: The masses of about 2500 nuclei have been measured experimentally, however more than 7000 isotopes are predicted to exist in the nuclear landscape from H (Z=1) to Og (Z=118) based on various theoretical calculations. Exploring the mass of the remains is a hot topic in nuclear physics. Machine learning has been served as a powerful tool in learning complex representations of big data in many fields. Purpose: We use Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) which is a highly efficient machine learning algorithm to predict the masses of unknown nuclei and to explore the nuclear landscape in neutron-rich side from learning the measured nuclear masses. Results: By using the experimental data of 80 percent of known nuclei as the training dataset, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) between the predicted and the experimental binding energy of the remaining 20% is about 0.234 MeV, 0.213 MeV, 0.170 MeV, and 0.222 MeV for the LightGBM-refined LDM, DZ, WS4, and FRDM models, respectively. These values are of about 90%, 65%, 40%, and 60% smaller than the corresponding origin mass models. The RMSD for 66 newly measured nuclei that appeared in AME2020 is also significantly improved on the same foot. One-neutron and two-neutron separation energies predicted by these refined models are in consistence with several theoretical predictions based on various physical models. Conclusions: LightGBM can be used to refine theoretical nuclear mass models so as to predict the binding energy of unknown nuclei. Moreover, the correlation between the input characteristic quantities and the output can be interpreted by SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP, a popular explainable artificial intelligence tool), this may provide new insights on developing theoretical nuclear mass models.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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