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arXiv 2104.02414cs.SE
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软件系统中的自适应公平性

On Adaptive Fairness in Software Systems

Ali Farahani, Liliana Pasquale, Amel Bennaceur, Thomas Welsh, Bashar Nuseibeh

摘要:

软件系统越来越多地代表人类做出决策,这引起了人们对此类决策公平性的担忧。这种担忧通常归因于算法设计的缺陷或有偏见的数据,但我们认为,它们往往是缺乏公平性要求的明确规范的结果。然而,这样的需求是具有挑战性的,越来越多的动态环境中,软件系统的操作,以及利益相关者的需求不断变化加剧了这个问题。因此,在软件生产期间捕获所有公平性要求是具有挑战性的,并且不足以解决部署后的软件更改。在本文中,我们提出了自适应公平作为一种手段,保持不断变化的公平性要求的满意度。我们演示了如何结合需求驱动和资源驱动的适应,以解决公平性要求和相关资源的变化。使用模型的公平性要求,资源,以及它们之间的关系,我们展示了如何使用该方法可以用来提供系统所有者和最终用户的能力,反映自适应公平行为在运行时。我们展示了我们的方法,从市民的购物经验的例子。最后,我们讨论了面向人类的软件系统中的自适应公平性工程的开放研究挑战。

英文摘要:

Software systems are increasingly making decisions on behalf of humans, raising concerns about the fairness of such decisions. Such concerns are usually attributed to flaws in algorithmic design or biased data, but we argue that they are often the result of a lack of explicit specification of fairness requirements. However, such requirements are challenging to elicit, a problem exacerbated by increasingly dynamic environments in which software systems operate, as well as stakeholders' changing needs. Therefore, capturing all fairness requirements during the production of software is challenging, and is insufficient for addressing software changes post deployment. In this paper, we propose adaptive fairness as a means for maintaining the satisfaction of changing fairness requirements. We demonstrate how to combine requirements-driven and resource-driven adaptation in order to address variabilities in both fairness requirements and their associated resources. Using models for fairness requirements, resources, and their relations, we show how the approach can be used to provide systems owners and end-users with capabilities that reflect adaptive fairness behaviours at runtime. We demonstrate our approach using an example drawn from shopping experiences of citizens. We conclude with a discussion of open research challenges in the engineering of adaptive fairness in human-facing software systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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