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arXiv 2103.15154cs.ITcs.SYeess.SPeess.SYmath.IT
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有源RIS与无源RIS:哪一种将在6 G中占主导地位?

Active RIS vs. Passive RIS: Which Will Prevail in 6G?

Zijian Zhang, Linglong Dai, Xibi Chen, Changhao Liu, Fan Yang, Robert Schober, H. Vincent Poor

摘要:

作为控制无线信道的革命性范例,可重构智能表面(RIS)已成为未来6 G网络的候选技术。然而,由于“乘性衰落”效应,现有的无源RIS在许多具有强直接链路的场景中仅实现有限的容量增益。在本文中,主动RISs的概念提出,以克服这一根本性的限制。与反射信号而不放大的无源RISs不同,有源RISs可以通过集成在其元件中的放大器放大反射信号。为了表征信号放大并纳入有源元件引入的噪声,我们通过基于制造的有源RIS元件的实验测量开发并验证了有源RIS的信号模型。基于已验证的信号模型,我们进一步分析了有源RISs的渐近性能,以揭示它们为无线通信提供的实质性容量增益。最后,我们制定了一个积极的RIS辅助多用户多输入单输出(MU-MISO)系统的和速率最大化问题,并提出了一个联合发射波束成形和反射预编码方案来解决这个问题。仿真结果表明,在典型的无线系统中,无源RISs只能实现22%的有限和速率增益,而有源RISs可以实现130%的显著和速率增益,从而克服了“乘性衰落”效应。

英文摘要:

As a revolutionary paradigm for controlling wireless channels, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a candidate technology for future 6G networks. However, due to the "multiplicative fading" effect, the existing passive RISs only achieve limited capacity gains in many scenarios with strong direct links. In this paper, the concept of active RISs is proposed to overcome this fundamental limitation. Unlike passive RISs that reflect signals without amplification, active RISs can amplify the reflected signals via amplifiers integrated into their elements. To characterize the signal amplification and incorporate the noise introduced by the active components, we develop and verify the signal model of active RISs through the experimental measurements based on a fabricated active RIS element. Based on the verified signal model, we further analyze the asymptotic performance of active RISs to reveal the substantial capacity gain they provide for wireless communications. Finally, we formulate the sum-rate maximization problem for an active RIS aided multi-user multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) system and a joint transmit beamforming and reflect precoding scheme is proposed to solve this problem. Simulation results show that, in a typical wireless system, passive RISs can realize only a limited sum-rate gain of 22%, while active RISs can achieve a significant sum-rate gain of 130%, thus overcoming the "multiplicative fading" effect.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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