国家内部和国家之间研究绩效的性别差异：意大利与挪威
Gender differences in research performance within and between countries: Italy vs Norway
摘要：
在这项研究中，意大利和挪威的大学教授的科学表现进行了分析，使用文献计量指标。该研究基于2011-2015年期间36 000多名个人及其出版物产出。应用一个多维指标，其中几个方面的研究业绩被捕获，我们发现在男性和女性的表现有很大的差异。这些性别差异在国家、领域和学术职位等所有分析层面都很明显。然而，大多数性别差异可以用分布的尾部来解释，特别是在表现最好的10%的科学家中，男性的比例要高得多。对于其余90%的人口，性别差异几乎不存在。这两个国家在妇女的社会作用方面存在差异，其结果形成鲜明对比。此外，我们讨论了可能的偏见，内在的定量绩效指标，这可能不利于女性研究人员。
英文摘要：
In this study, the scientific performance of Italian and Norwegian university professors is analysed using bibliometric indicators. The study is based on over 36,000 individuals and their publication output during the period 2011-2015. Applying a multidimensional indicator in which several aspects of the research performance are captured, we find large differences in the performance of men and women. These gender differences are evident across all analysed levels, such as country, field, and academic position. However, most of the gender differences can be explained by the tails of the distributions-in particular, there is a much higher proportion of men among the top 10% performing scientists. For the remaining 90% of the population, the gender differences are practically non-existent. The results of the two countries, which differ in terms of the societal role of women, are contrasting. Further, we discuss possible biases that are intrinsic in quantitative performance indicators, which might disfavour female researchers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
