In recent years, it has been understood that color-ordered scattering amplitudes can be encoded as logarithmic differential forms on positive geometries. In particular, amplitudes in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in spinor helicity space are governed by the momentum amplituhedron. Due to the group-theoretic structure underlying color decompositions, color-ordered amplitudes enjoy various identities which relate different orderings. In this paper, we show how the Kleiss-Kuijf relations arise from the geometry of the momentum amplituhedron. We also show how similar relations can be realised for the kinematic associahedron, which is the positive geometry of bi-adjoint scalar cubic theory.
U(1)-decoupling, KK and BCJ relations in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM
利用$\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM版本的BCFW递推关系,证明了色序$\mathcal{N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills理论的色反射关系、U(1)-解耦关系、Kleiss-Kuijf关系和Bern-Carrasco-Johansson关系.这验证了束缚物质场的BCJ关系。我们还证明了色反射关系和U(1)-解耦关系是KK关系的特殊情况,如果把KK关系看作一般关系,那么前两种关系自然也是KK关系的特殊情况。
Constraints and Generalized Gauge Transformations on Tree-Level Gluon and Graviton Amplitudes
将全色修饰的振幅和引力子振幅分别写为${\bf A}=<C|A> =<C|M|N> $和${\bf A}_{gr}= <\tilde N|M|N> $,其中$|A> $是Kleiss-Kuijf色序基的集合,$|N>, $| \tilde N> $ and $| C> $ are the similarly ordered numerators and color coefficients, we show that the propagator matrix $ M $ has $(n-3)(n-3)!$ independent eigenvectors $| λ^0_j> $ with zero eigenvalue, for $ n $-particle processes. The resulting equations $ <λ^0_j| A> = 0 $ are relations among the color ordered amplitudes. The freedom to shift $| N> \to| N> + \sum_j f_j| λ^0_j> $ and similarly for $| PDMATHBMQ N> $, where $ f_j PDMATHBNC(n-3)(n-3)!$ arbitrary functions, encodes gen…
Fundamental BCJ Relation in N=4 SYM From The Connected Formulation
N = 4 SYM中的树级振幅可以分解为部分或颜色排序的振幅。自80年代以来,与各种分振幅相关的恒等式已经为人们所知。它们是Kleiss-Kuijf(KK)恒等式。在2008年,Bern,Carrasco and Johansson(BCJ)引入了一组新的恒等式,将独立分振幅的数量减少到(n-3)!。近年来,已经发现了几种分振幅的公式,并证明它们是等价的。这些可以被认为是简单的对偶性,因为不同的表述表明了同一对象的不同性质;振幅。一个这样的公式是ACCK格拉斯曼公式,它使个别分振幅的杨氏不变性明显。一个不同的公式是所谓的连接公式介绍了威滕在扭量空间和制定的动量空间由罗伊班,斯普拉德林和Volovich。有人认为,连接公式是研究与全振幅有关的性质的理想方法,如KK关系,而不是特定的部分振幅,如杨氏不变性。按照这个逻辑,很自然地期望BCJ恒等式在连接公式中应该有一个非常简单的证明。在这个简短的说明中,我们表明情况确实如此。