强laser场对$W^{-}$ -玻色子衰变中可测量的影响
Influence of intense laser fields on measurable quantities in $W^{-}$-boson decay
摘要：
在原则上，本文建议强大的激光技术作为一个有前途的仪器，可以在实验上有用的控制寿命和分支比的不稳定粒子衰变。在最近的一篇论文[arXiv：2101.00224]中，我们理论上计算了在圆偏振激光存在下的$W^{-}$ -玻色子轻子衰变$(W^{-}\rightarrow \ell^{-} \barν_{\ell})$，我们表明激光对轻子衰变率的减小有显著贡献。本文作为前一篇文章的继续，主要讨论了$W^{-}$ -玻色子强子衰变$(W^{-}\rightarrow q \bar{q}')$的理论计算，并结合两篇文章的分析结果，研究了强激光场强度和频率对$W^{-}$ -玻色子衰变中三个可测量（总衰变率、寿命和分支比）的影响。结果发现，激光器显着有助于减少总衰减率，从而导致更长的寿命。最重要的是，两个分支比（一个是轻子的分支比，另一个是强子的分支比）会受到外部强电磁场的影响（增加或减少）。结合在一起，这两个互补的工作可以提供一个深入和全面的研究，这将是有用的任何实验研究在未来。
英文摘要：
In principle, this paper suggests powerful laser technology as a promising instrument that can be experimentally useful to control the lifetime and branching ratio for an unstable particle decay. In a recent paper [arXiv:2101.00224], we calculated theoretically the $W^{-}$-boson leptonic decay $(W^{-}\rightarrow \ell^{-} \barν_{\ell})$ in the presence of a circularly polarized laser and we showed that the laser significantly contributed to the diminution of the leptonic decay rate. In this paper, as a continuation of the previous one, we mainly deal with the theoretical calculation of the $W^{-}$-boson hadronic decay $(W^{-}\rightarrow q \bar{q}')$ and we combine the analytical results obtained in both papers to examine the effect of an intense laser, in terms of its field strength and frequency, on the three measurable quantities in $W^{-}$-boson decay (total decay rate, lifetime and branching ratios). It was found that the laser has notably contributed to the reduction of the total decay rate leading to a longer lifetime. Most importantly, the two branching ratios (one for leptons and the other for hadrons) are affected (increased or decreased) by the presence of a strong external electromagnetic field. Combined together, these two complementary works may provide an in-depth and comprehensive study that would be useful for any experimental investigation in the future.
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