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arXiv 2103.09318astro-ph.HE
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黑洞X射线双星MAXI J1820 +070的多波长快速计时基本喷流性质测量

Measuring fundamental jet properties with multi-wavelength fast timing of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070

A. J. Tetarenko, P. Casella, J. C. A. Miller-Jones, G. R. Sivakoff, J. A. Paice, F. M. Vincentelli, T. J. Maccarone, P. Gandhi, V. S. Dhillon, T. R. Marsh, T. D. Russell, P. Uttley

摘要:

本文介绍了利用Karl G. Jansky甚大阵列(VLA)、Atacama大型毫米/亚毫米阵列(ALMA)、甚大望远镜(VLT)、新技术望远镜(NTT)、中子星内部成分探测器(NICER)和XMM-牛顿。我们的数据集在2018-2019年爆发的硬状态期间,在7小时内同时对10个不同的电磁波段(无线电X射线)进行采样。我们观察到的发射是高度可变的,显示出多个快速燃烧的情节。为了表征我们的数据中的变异性,我们实现了互相关和傅立叶分析的组合。我们发现,发射是高度相关的不同波段之间,测量的时间滞后范围从数百毫秒之间的X射线/光学波段之间的无线电/亚毫米波段。我们的傅立叶分析还揭示了,第一次在一个黑洞X射线二进制,不断变化的功率谱形状与电磁频率。通过对这些变化特性进行建模,我们发现MAXI J1820+070发射了一个高度相对论性($Γ=6.81^{+1.06}_{-1.15}$)和受限($ϕ=0.45^{+0.13}_{-0.11}$ deg)的喷流,该喷流携带了大量的能量离开系统(相当于$\sim0.6 \, L_{1-100{\rm keV}}$)。此外,我们将约束的射流成分和磁场强度在最里面的喷射基地区。总的来说,这项工作表明,时域分析是一个强大的诊断工具,探测射流物理,在那里我们可以准确地测量射流特性与时域测量单独。

英文摘要:

We present multi-wavelength fast timing observations of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 (ASASSN-18ey), taken with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-Millimeter Array (ALMA), Very Large Telescope (VLT), New Technology Telescope (NTT), Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), and XMM-Newton. Our data set simultaneously samples ten different electromagnetic bands (radio - X-ray) over a 7-hour period during the hard state of the 2018-2019 outburst. The emission we observe is highly variable, displaying multiple rapid flaring episodes. To characterize the variability properties in our data, we implemented a combination of cross-correlation and Fourier analyses. We find that the emission is highly correlated between different bands, measuring time-lags ranging from hundreds of milliseconds between the X-ray/optical bands to minutes between the radio/sub-mm bands. Our Fourier analysis also revealed, for the first time in a black hole X-ray binary, an evolving power spectral shape with electromagnetic frequency. Through modelling these variability properties, we find that MAXI J1820+070 launches a highly relativistic ($Γ=6.81^{+1.06}_{-1.15}$) and confined ($ϕ=0.45^{+0.13}_{-0.11}$ deg) jet, which is carrying a significant amount of power away from the system (equivalent to $\sim0.6 \, L_{1-100{\rm keV}}$). We additionally place constraints on the jet composition and magnetic field strength in the innermost jet base region. Overall, this work demonstrates that time-domain analysis is a powerful diagnostic tool for probing jet physics, where we can accurately measure jet properties with time-domain measurements alone.

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