Measuring fundamental jet properties with multi-wavelength fast timing of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
A. J. Tetarenko, P. Casella, J. C. A. Miller-Jones, G. R. Sivakoff, J. A. Paice, F. M. Vincentelli, T. J. Maccarone, P. Gandhi, V. S. Dhillon, T. R. Marsh, T. D. Russell, P. Uttley
本文介绍了利用Karl G. Jansky甚大阵列(VLA)、Atacama大型毫米/亚毫米阵列(ALMA)、甚大望远镜(VLT)、新技术望远镜(NTT)、中子星内部成分探测器(NICER)和XMM-牛顿。我们的数据集在2018-2019年爆发的硬状态期间,在7小时内同时对10个不同的电磁波段(无线电X射线)进行采样。我们观察到的发射是高度可变的,显示出多个快速燃烧的情节。为了表征我们的数据中的变异性,我们实现了互相关和傅立叶分析的组合。我们发现,发射是高度相关的不同波段之间,测量的时间滞后范围从数百毫秒之间的X射线/光学波段之间的无线电/亚毫米波段。我们的傅立叶分析还揭示了,第一次在一个黑洞X射线二进制,不断变化的功率谱形状与电磁频率。通过对这些变化特性进行建模,我们发现MAXI J1820+070发射了一个高度相对论性($Γ=6.81^{+1.06}_{-1.15}$)和受限($ϕ=0.45^{+0.13}_{-0.11}$ deg)的喷流,该喷流携带了大量的能量离开系统(相当于$\sim0.6 \, L_{1-100{\rm keV}}$)。此外,我们将约束的射流成分和磁场强度在最里面的喷射基地区。总的来说,这项工作表明,时域分析是一个强大的诊断工具,探测射流物理,在那里我们可以准确地测量射流特性与时域测量单独。
英文摘要:
We present multi-wavelength fast timing observations of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 (ASASSN-18ey), taken with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-Millimeter Array (ALMA), Very Large Telescope (VLT), New Technology Telescope (NTT), Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), and XMM-Newton. Our data set simultaneously samples ten different electromagnetic bands (radio - X-ray) over a 7-hour period during the hard state of the 2018-2019 outburst. The emission we observe is highly variable, displaying multiple rapid flaring episodes. To characterize the variability properties in our data, we implemented a combination of cross-correlation and Fourier analyses. We find that the emission is highly correlated between different bands, measuring time-lags ranging from hundreds of milliseconds between the X-ray/optical bands to minutes between the radio/sub-mm bands. Our Fourier analysis also revealed, for the first time in a black hole X-ray binary, an evolving power spectral shape with electromagnetic frequency. Through modelling these variability properties, we find that MAXI J1820+070 launches a highly relativistic ($Γ=6.81^{+1.06}_{-1.15}$) and confined ($ϕ=0.45^{+0.13}_{-0.11}$ deg) jet, which is carrying a significant amount of power away from the system (equivalent to $\sim0.6 \, L_{1-100{\rm keV}}$). We additionally place constraints on the jet composition and magnetic field strength in the innermost jet base region. Overall, this work demonstrates that time-domain analysis is a powerful diagnostic tool for probing jet physics, where we can accurately measure jet properties with time-domain measurements alone.
Measuring scattering variations in pulsar timing observations: A test of the fidelity of current methods
Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学);ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav)(引力波发现卓越研究中心);Vanderbilt University(范德堡大学)
A spectral and timing study of MAXI J1535-571, based on Swift/XRT, XMM-Newton and NICER observations obtained in fall 2017
我们对2017年秋季新探测到的X射线瞬态MAXI J1535-571进行了光谱定时分析。在我们的研究中,我们包括38个Swift/XRT窗口定时模式观测,3个XMM-牛顿观测和31个NICER观测。计算了黑洞瞬变过程中常用的基本图,拟合了功率密度和能谱,研究了谱参数和时间参数的演化。观测到的性质与明亮的黑洞X射线双星($F_{\mathrm{0.6-10 keV}}^{\mathrm{max}}=3.71\pm0.02\times10^{-7}$ erg cm $^{-2}$ s $^{-1}$)一致,该双星从低硬态演化到高软态,再回到低硬态。在一些观测中,功率密度谱显示出C型准周期振荡,这进一步证明了MAXI J1535-571在这些观测中处于硬态。不到10天的软状态持续时间非常短,2018年春季的观测表明,MAXI J1535-571进入了第二个(更长)软状态。
Constraining the Bulk Properties of Dense Matter by Measuring Millisecond Pulsar Masses - A White Paper for the Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey, CFP Panel
Dynamical Measurement of Supermassive Black Hole Masses: QPE Timing Method
University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University(上海交大李政道研究所);Shanghai Jiao-Tong University(上海交通大学)
Measuring the mass of the black widow PSR J1555-2908
准确测量中子星的质量是检验双星演化模型和约束中子星状态方程的必要条件。在脉冲星双星没有可测量的后开普勒参数,这需要一个准确的估计双星系统的倾角和伴星的径向速度的其他手段比脉冲星计时。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法来测量这种径向速度使用二进制合成代码伊卡洛斯的结果。这种方法依赖于构建一个模型的潮汐扭曲,辐照恒星的光谱,作为一个给定的二进制配置。这种方法被应用到新发现的黑寡妇PSR J1555-2908的光谱。通过模拟光学光谱学和光学光度学,我们发现伴星的径向速度为$397\pm4$ km s $^{-1}$(误差在95\%置信区间引用),以及$>75^{\rm o}$的二元倾角。结合$γ$射线脉动时间信息,这给出了中子星质量为1.67 $^{+0.15}_{-0.09}$ M $_\odot$,伴星质量为0.060 $^{+0.005}_{-0.003}$ M $_\odot$,将PSR J 1555 -2908置于观测到的黑寡妇系统的上限。
Measuring the distance to the black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI J1348-630 using HI absorption
本文利用澳大利亚平方公里阵列探测器(ASKAP)和MeerKAT测量了黑洞候选X射线双星(XRB)MAXI J1348-630的HI吸收谱。ASKAP HI谱显示MAXI J1348-630的最大负径向速度(相对于当地静止标准)为$-31\pm4$ km s $^{-1}$,而附近几个河外源的叠加谱为$-50\pm4$ km s $^{-1}$。这意味着MAXI J1348-630的最可能距离为$2.2^{+0.5}_{-0.6}$ kpc,切点距离的强上限为$5.3\pm0.1$ kpc。我们的首选距离意味着MAXI J1348-630在其爆发的峰值达到爱丁顿光度的$17\pm10$ %,并且源在爱丁顿光度的$2.5\pm1.5$ %处从软X射线光谱状态过渡到硬X射线光谱状态。MAXI J1348-630的MeerKAT HI光谱(从较旧的低分辨率4k模式获得)与重新合并的ASKAP光谱一致,突出了MeerKAT用于XRB谱线研究的最终能力的潜力。
Broad-band spectral-timing: simultaneous NICER and HXMT observations reveal an anticorrelation between the softest and hardest X-ray fluxes in MAXI J1820+070
Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy(安东·潘内科克天文学研究所);Dr. Karl Remeis-Observatory and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(卡尔·雷米斯天文台与埃尔朗根高能粒子物理中心);School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University(武汉大学物理科学与技术学院)
A Novel Technique for Long-term Timing of Redback Millisecond Pulsars
University of Virginia(弗吉尼亚大学);George Mason University(乔治梅森大学);U.S. Naval Research Laboratory(美国海军研究实验室);Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘内科克天体物理研究所);ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy(荷兰射电天文研究所 ASTRON);Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)(马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所(爱因斯坦研究所));University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学)