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arXiv 2103.09142astro-ph.HEgr-qc
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长伽玛暴X射线余辉和喷射GeV辐射的形态

The morphology of the X-ray afterglows and of the jetted GeV emission in long GRBs

R. Ruffini, R. Moradi, J. A. Rueda, L. Li, N. Sahakyan, Y. -C. Chen, Y. Wang, Y. Aimuratov, L. Becerra, C. L. Bianco, C. Cherubini, S. Filippi, M. Karlica, G. J… 展开作者

R. Ruffini, R. Moradi, J. A. Rueda, L. Li, N. Sahakyan, Y. -C. Chen, Y. Wang, Y. Aimuratov, L. Becerra, C. L. Bianco, C. Cherubini, S. Filippi, M. Karlica, G. J. Mathews, M. Muccino, G. B. Pisani, S. S. Xue

摘要:

我们回顾的证据表明,长伽玛射线暴(GRB)有二进制的祖先,并给出新的例子。双星驱动的超新星(BdHNe)由一个碳氧核(CO $_{\rm core}$)和一个中子星(NS)伴星组成。对于双星周期$\sim 5$ min,CO $_{\rm core}$坍缩产生子类BdHN I,其特征为:1)高能超新星(2)由SN物质吸积产生的黑洞(BH),其能量为GeV,亮度为$L_{\rm GeV} = A_{\rm GeV}\,t^{-α_{\rm GeV}}$,仅在某些情况下观测到; 3)在所有BdHN I中观察到一个新的NS($ν$ NS),它是由SN产生的,与$L_X = A_{\rm X}\,t^{-α_{\rm X}}$一起产生X射线余辉。我们记录了四个原型伽玛暴130427 A、160509 A、180720 B和190114 C的$378$源:1)光谱、光度、SN上升持续时间; 2)$A_X$、$α_X=1.48\pm 0.32$和3)$ν$ NS自旋时间演化。我们推断a)$A_{\rm GeV}$,$α_{\rm GeV}=1.19 \pm 0.04$ ; b)BdHN I形态从时间分辨光谱分析,三维模拟,和GeV的发射存在/不存在的$54$源内的费米-LAT borderline角。对于$25$源,我们给出了积分的和时变的GeV发射,$29$源没有检测到GeV发射,并显示了之前推断的沿二元平面观察到的X/γ射线耀斑。$25/54$比率意味着GeV辐射在从轨道平面的法线起的半开角$\approx 60^{\circ}$的圆锥内发射。通过解释BH能量提取产生的GeV辐射,推导出BH质量$2.3$ - $8.9~M_\odot$和自旋$0.27$ - $0.87$,它们的时间演化验证了BH质能公式.

英文摘要:

We recall evidence that long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have binary progenitors and give new examples. Binary-driven hypernovae (BdHNe) consist of a carbon-oxygen core (CO$_{\rm core}$) and a neutron star (NS) companion. For binary periods $\sim 5$ min, the CO$_{\rm core}$ collapse originates the subclass BdHN I characterized by: 1) an energetic supernova (the "SN-rise"); 2) a black hole (BH), born from the NS collapse by SN matter accretion, leading to a GeV emission with luminosity $L_{\rm GeV} = A_{\rm GeV}\,t^{-α_{\rm GeV}}$, observed only in some cases; 3) a new NS ($ν$NS), born from the SN, originating the X-ray afterglow with $L_X = A_{\rm X}\,t^{-α_{\rm X}}$, observed in all BdHN I. We record $378$ sources and present for four prototypes GRBs 130427A, 160509A, 180720B and 190114C: 1) spectra, luminosities, SN-rise duration; 2) $A_X$, $α_X=1.48\pm 0.32$, and 3) the $ν$NS spin time-evolution. We infer a) $A_{\rm GeV}$, $α_{\rm GeV}=1.19 \pm 0.04$; b) the BdHN I morphology from time-resolved spectral analysis, three-dimensional simulations, and the GeV emission presence/absence in $54$ sources within the Fermi-LAT boresight angle. For $25$ sources, we give the integrated and time-varying GeV emission, $29$ sources have no GeV emission detected and show X/gamma-ray flares previously inferred as observed along the binary plane. The $25/54$ ratio implies the GeV radiation is emitted within a cone of half-opening angle $\approx 60^{\circ}$ from the normal to the orbital plane. We deduce BH masses $2.3$-$8.9~M_\odot$ and spin $0.27$-$0.87$ by explaining the GeV emission from the BH energy extraction, while their time evolution validates the BH mass-energy formula.

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