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arXiv 1503.02760astro-ph.HE
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连接瞬发和余辉GRB发射I。研究Epi - Eiso平面中光学选择效应的影响

Connecting Prompt and Afterglow GRB emission I. Investigating the impact of optical selection effects in the Epi - Eiso plane

D. Turpin, V. Heussaff, J. -P. Dezalay, J-L. Atteia, A. Klotz, D. Dornic

摘要:

测量伽玛暴在静止坐标系中的性质对于理解伽马射线暴中的物理作用至关重要。这只能对已知红移的伽玛暴进行。由于红移通常是从余辉的光谱中测量的,瞬发和余辉发射之间的相关性可能会在瞬发发射的静止坐标系性质的分布中引入偏差,特别是考虑到我们只测量了三分之一的雨燕伽玛暴的红移。本文研究了伽玛暴光学余辉的亮度以及光学选择效应在伽玛暴各种本征性质分布中的作用和对Amati等人(2002)发现的Epi - Eiso关系的影响。我们的分析是基于一个样本的85伽玛暴具有良好的光学后续和良好的测量即时发射。其中71个有红移,14个没有红移。我们讨论了伽玛暴在Epi-Eiso平面上的位置与其在伽玛暴静止帧中触发后两小时测量的光学亮度之间的联系。我们表明,在我们的样本中的伽玛暴的亮度主要是由其固有的光度,并只轻微地依赖于它们的红移。我们还表明,微弱的余辉伽玛暴优先位于Epi-Eiso平面的上部。这种光学选择效应有利于探测到具有明亮余辉的伽玛暴,余辉位于最佳拟合的Epi - Eiso关系之下,其红移很容易测量。我们的结论是,在休息帧的即时伽玛暴的属性的分布经历选择效应,由于需要测量的光学余辉发射的红移。这些偏见提出了显着的不确定性时,解释伽玛射线暴属性的统计研究在休息框架。我们表明,Epi - Eiso关系是不受这些选择的影响。

英文摘要:

Measuring GRB properties in their rest-frame is crucial to understand the physics at work in gamma-ray bursts. This can only be done for GRBs with known redshift. Since redshifts are usually measured from the optical spectrum of the afterglow, correlations between prompt and afterglow emissions may introduce biases in the distribution of rest-frame properties of the prompt emission, especially considering that we measure the redshift of only one third of Swift GRBs. In this paper we study the brightness of optical GRB afterglows and the role of optical selection effects in the distribution of various intrinsic properties of GRBs and on the Epi - Eiso relation discovered by Amati et al. (2002). Our analysis is based on a sample of 85 GRBs with good optical follow-up and well measured prompt emission. 71 of them have a measure of redshift and 14 have no redshift. We discuss the connection between the location of GRBs in the Epi-Eiso plane and their optical brightness measured two hours after the trigger in the GRB rest frame. We show that the brightness of GRBs in our sample is mainly driven by their intrinsic luminosity and depends only slightly on their redshift. We also show that GRBs with faint afterglows are preferentially located in the upper part of the Epi-Eiso plane. This optical selection effect favors the detection of GRBs with bright afterglows located below the best fit Epi - Eiso relation whose redshift is easily measurable. We conclude that the distributions of prompt GRB properties in the rest frame undergo selection effects due to the need to measure the redshift from the optical afterglow emission. These biases put significant uncertanties when interpreting the statistical studies of GRB properties in the rest frame. We show that the Epi - Eiso relation is not immune to these selection effects.

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