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arXiv 1006.4469astro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
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寻找斯威夫特中间伽马射线暴的差异

Searching for differences in Swift's intermediate GRBs

A. de Ugarte Postigo, I. Horváth, P. Veres, Z. Bagoly, D. A. Kann, C. C. Thöne, L. G. Balazs, P. D'Avanzo, M. A. Aloy, S. Foley, S. Campana, J. Mao, P. Jakobsso… 展开作者

A. de Ugarte Postigo, I. Horváth, P. Veres, Z. Bagoly, D. A. Kann, C. C. Thöne, L. G. Balazs, P. D'Avanzo, M. A. Aloy, S. Foley, S. Campana, J. Mao, P. Jakobsson, S. Covino, J. P. U. Fynbo, J. Gorosabel, A. J. Castro-Tirado, L. Amati, M. Nardini

摘要:

伽马射线暴通常根据其高能量发射分为短持续时间和长持续时间暴,这可能反映了两种不同类型的祖先。然而,统计数据表明,该分类方案中需要第三个中间群体,尽管迄今为止尚未对此类属性进行广泛研究。在雨燕时代产生的大量后续研究使我们有足够的样本来尝试通过它们的即时发射和余辉的性质来研究这第三个群体。我们的研究集中在雨燕在其前四年的操作中观察到的伽玛暴样本。样本包含那些具有测量红移的爆发,因为这使我们能够推导出内在性质。中间爆发的能量较低,余辉比长伽玛暴更暗,特别是当考虑到X射线光变曲线时,平均比长爆发暗一个数量级。在红移分布中有一个不太明显的趋势,即中间爆发比长爆发更接近。除此之外,中间爆发表现出与长爆发相似的性质。特别是,它们遵循Epeak与Eiso的相关性,平均而言,正的光谱滞后与长爆发的分布相似。像长伽玛射线暴一样,它们通常有一颗超新星伴随,尽管一些中间爆发没有超新星成分。研究表明,中爆发不同于短爆发,尽管与长爆发有许多共同的性质,但它们之间也存在一些差异。我们认为,中期和长期爆发之间的物理差异可能是,前者的喷出物是薄壳,而后者是厚壳。

英文摘要:

Gamma-ray bursts are usually classified through their high-energy emission into short-duration and long-duration bursts, which presumably reflect two different types of progenitors. However, it has been shown on statistical grounds that a third, intermediate population is needed in this classification scheme, although an extensive study of the properties of this class has so far not been done. The large amount of follow-up studies generated during the Swift era allows us to have a suficient sample to attempt a study of this third population through the properties of their prompt emission and their afterglows. Our study is focused on a sample of GRBs observed by Swift during its first four years of operation. The sample contains those bursts with measured redshift since this allows us to derive intrinsic properties. Intermediate bursts are less energetic and have dimmer afterglows than long GRBs, especially when considering the X-ray light curves, which are on average one order of magnitude fainter than long bursts. There is a less significant trend in the redshift distribution that places intermediate bursts closer than long bursts. Except for this, intermediate bursts show similar properties to long bursts. In particular, they follow the Epeak vs. Eiso correlation and have, on average, positive spectral lags with a distribution similar to that of long bursts. Like long GRBs, they normally have an associated supernova, although some intermediate bursts have shown no supernova component. This study shows that intermediate bursts are different from short bursts and, in spite of sharing many properties with long bursts, there are some differences between them as well. We suggest that the physical difference between intermediate and long bursts could be that for the first the ejecta are thin shells while for the latter they are thick shells.

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