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arXiv 2103.08771astro-ph.SR
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发现包裹大质量系统NaSt1的310天周期(WR 122)

Discovery of a 310-day Period from the Enshrouded Massive System NaSt1 (WR 122)

Ryan M. Lau, Samaporn Tinyanont, Matthew J. Hankins, Michael C. B. Ashley, Kishalay De, Alexei V. Filippenko, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Jon C. Ma… 展开作者

Ryan M. Lau, Samaporn Tinyanont, Matthew J. Hankins, Michael C. B. Ashley, Kishalay De, Alexei V. Filippenko, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Jon C. Mauerhan, Anthony F. J. Moffat, Anna M. Moore, Nathan Smith, Jamie Soon, Roberto Soria, Tony Travouillon, Karel A. van der Hucht, Peredur M. Williams, WeiKang Zheng

摘要:

我们介绍了NaSt 1(也称为Wolf-Rayet(WR)122)的光学和红外(IR)光变曲线,以及Palomar Gattini-IR(PGIR),Zwicky Transient Facility(ZTF),Katzman自动成像望远镜(KAIT),小行星陆地撞击最后警报系统(ATLAS)和全天超新星自动巡天(ASAS-SN)的观测结果。我们确定了一个$P=309.7\pm0.7$ d光度周期的光学和IR光变曲线,揭示周期性的,正弦变化之间的2014年7月和2021年7月。我们还提出了历史的IR光变曲线之间采取的1983年7月和1989年5月,这表明与现今的光变曲线的周期一致的变化。在过去,NaSt 1在$J$波段更亮,具有比现在的PGIR值更大的变化幅度,这表明NaSt 1在更长的时间尺度($\gtrsim$ decade)上表现出变化。最近的光学和IR光变曲线的正弦拟合表明,NaSt 1的可变性的幅度在不同波长处不同,并且还揭示了ZTF $r$和PGIR $J$光变曲线之间的$17.0\pm2.5$ d的显著相位偏移。我们解释的$310$ d光度周期从NaSt 1的轨道周期的遮蔽的大质量的二。我们认为,NaSt 1的光度变化可能会出现在整个轨道上的视线光学深度向拱星光学/红外发射区由于碰撞风尘埃形成的变化。我们推测,过去的质量转移NaSt 1可能已经触发了Roche瓣溢出(RLOF)在爆发阶段的Ofpe/WN 9星。最后,我们认为NaSt 1不再进行RLOF传质。

英文摘要:

We present optical and infrared (IR) light curves of NaSt1, also known as Wolf-Rayet (WR) 122, with observations from Palomar Gattini-IR (PGIR), the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT), the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS), and the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN). We identify a $P=309.7\pm0.7$ d photometric period from the optical and IR light curves that reveal periodic, sinusoidal variability between 2014 July and 2021 July. We also present historical IR light curves taken between 1983 July and 1989 May, which show variability consistent with the period of the present-day light curves. In the past, NaSt1 was brighter in the $J$ band with larger variability amplitudes than the present-day PGIR values, suggesting that NaSt1 exhibits variability on longer ($\gtrsim$ decade) timescales. Sinusoidal fits to the recent optical and IR light curves show that the amplitude of NaSt1's variability differs at various wavelengths and also reveal significant phase offsets of $17.0\pm2.5$ d between the ZTF $r$ and PGIR $J$ light curves. We interpret the $310$ d photometric period from NaSt1 as the orbital period of an enshrouded massive binary. We suggest that the photometric variability of NaSt1 may arise from variations in the line-of-sight optical depth toward circumstellar optical/IR emitting regions throughout its orbit due to colliding-wind dust formation. We speculate that past mass transfer in NaSt1 may have been triggered by Roche-lobe overflow (RLOF) during an eruptive phase of an Ofpe/WN9 star. Lastly, we argue that NaSt1 is no longer undergoing RLOF mass transfer.

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