A directed edge polytope $\mathcal{A}_G$ is a lattice polytope arising from root system $A_n$ and a finite directed graph $G$. If every directed edge of $G$ belongs to a directed cycle in $G$, then $\mathcal{A}_G$ is terminal and reflexive, that is, one can associate this polytope to a Gorenstein toric Fano variety $X_G$ with terminal singularities. It is shown by Totaro that a toric Fano variety which is smooth in codimension $2$ and $\mathbb{Q}$-factorial in codimension $3$ is rigid. In the present paper, we classify all directed graphs $G$ such that $X_G$ is a toric Fano variety which is smooth in codimension $2$ and $\mathbb{Q}$-factorial in codimension $3$.
We give a characterizaion of Gorenstein toric Fano $n$-folds with index $n-1$, which is called Gorenstein toric Del Pezzo $n$-folds, among toric varieties. In practice, we obtain a condition for a lattice $n$-polytope to be a Gorenstein Fano polytope. In our proof, we do not use Batyrev-Juny's classification of Gorenstein Fano polytopes.
We give a characterization of Gorenstein toric Fano varieties of dimension $n$ with index $n$ among toric varieties. As an application, we give a strong version of Fujita's freeness conjecture and also give a simple proof of Fujita's very ampleness conjecture on Gorenstein toric varieties.
We investigate Gorenstein toric Fano varieties by combinatorial methods using the notion of a reflexive polytope which appeared in connection to mirror symmetry. The paper contains generalisations of tools and previously known results for nonsingular toric Fano varieties. As applications we obtain new classification results, bounds of invariants and formulate conjectures concerning combinatorial and geometrical properties of reflexive polytopes.
A $n$-dimensional Gorenstein toric Fano variety $X$ is called Del Pezzo variety if the anticanonical class $-K_X$ is a $(n-1)$-multiple of a Cartier divisor. Our purpose is to give a complete biregular classfication of Gorenstein toric Del Pezzo varieties in arbitrary dimension $n \geq 2$. We show that up to isomorphism there exist exactly 37 Gorenstein toric Del Pezzo varieties of dimension $n$ which are not cones over $(n-1)$-dimensional Gorenstein toric Del Pezzo varieties. Our results are closely related to the classification of all Minkowski sum decompositions of reflexive polygons due to…
A necessary condition for the existence of torus-equivariant crepant resolutions of Gorenstein toric singularities can be derived by making use of a variant of the classical Upper Bound Theorem which is valid for simplicial balls.
Q-factorial Gorenstein toric Fano varieties X of dimension d with Picard number rho(X) correspond to simplicial reflexive d-polytopes with rho(X)+d vertices. Casagrande showed that any simplicial reflexive d-polytope has at most 3d vertices, if d is even, respectively, 3d-1, if d is odd. Moreover, it is known that equality for d even implies uniqueness up to unimodular equivalence. In this paper we completely classify all simplicial reflexive d-polytopes having 3d-1 vertices, corresponding to d-dimensional Q-factorial Gorenstein toric Fano varieties with Picard number 2d-1. For d even, there e…
We characterize building sets whose associated nonsingular projective toric varieties are Fano. Furthermore, we show that all such toric Fano varieties are obtained from smooth Fano polytopes associated to finite directed graphs.
This article gives an overview of toric Fano and toric weak Fano varieties associated to graphs and building sets. We also study some properties of such toric Fano varieties and discuss related topics.
In this paper we explain the complete biregular classification of all 4-dimensional smooth toric Fano varieties. The main result states that there exist exactly 123 different types of toric Fano 4-folds up to isomorphism.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the nonsingular projective toric variety associated to a finite simple graph to be Fano or weak Fano in terms of the graph.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the nonsingular projective toric variety associated to the graph cubeahedron of a finite simple graph to be Fano or weak Fano in terms of the graph.
An inductive approach to classifying toric Fano varieties is given. As an application of this technique, we present a classification of the toric Fano threefolds with at worst canonical singularities. Up to isomorphism, there are 674,688 such varieties.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the nonsingular projective toric variety associated to a building set to be weak Fano in terms of the building set.
The correspondence between Gorenstein Fano toric varieties and reflexive polytopes has been generalized by Ilten and Süß to a correspondence between Gorenstein Fano complexity-one $T$-varieties and Fano divisorial polytopes. Motivated by the finiteness of reflexive polytopes in fixed dimension, we show that over a fixed base polytope, there are only finitely many Fano divisorial polytopes, up to equivalence. We classify two-dimensional Fano divisorial polytopes, recovering Huggenberger's classification of Gorenstein del Pezzo $\mathbb{K}^*$-surfaces. Furthermore, we show that any three-dimensi…
A. Borisov classified into finitely many series the set of isomorphism classes of germs of toric $\Q$-factorial singularities, of fixed dimension and with minimal log discrepancy over the special point bounded from below by a fixed real number. We extend this classification to germs of toric Fano fibrations, possibly not $\Q$-factorial. As an application, we verify in the toric setting a conjecture proposed by V. V. Shokurov on the existence of bounded complements.
This paper classifies all toric Fano 3-folds with terminal singularities. This is achieved by solving the equivalent combinatoric problem; that of finding, up to the action of GL(3,Z), all convex polytopes in Z^3 which contain the origin as the only non-vertex lattice point.
A central question in liaison theory asks whether every Cohen-Macaulay, graded ideal of a standard graded K-algebra belongs to the same G-liaison class of a complete intersection. In this paper we answer this question positively for toric ideals defining edge subrings of bipartite graphs.
Given a reductive group $G$ and a parabolic subgroup $P\subset G$, with maximaltorus $T$, we consider (following Dabrowski's work) the closure $X$ of a generic $T$-orbit in $G/P$, and determine in combinatorial termswhen the toric variety $X$ is $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein Fano, extending in this way the classification of smooth Fano generic closures given by Voskresenski\uı and Klyachko. As an application, we apply the well known correspondence between Gorenstein Fano toric varieties and reflexive polytopes in order to exhibit which reflexive polytopes correspond to generic closures -- this list …
It is known that every integral convex polytope is unimodularly equivalent to a face of some Gorenstein Fano polytope. It is then reasonable to ask whether every normal polytope is unimodularly equivalent to a face of some normal Gorenstein Fano polytope. In the present paper, it is shown that, by giving new classes of normal Gorenstein Fano polytopes, each order polytope as well as each chain polytope of dimension $d$ is unimodularly equivalent to a facet of some normal Gorenstein Fano polytopes of dimension $d + 1$. Furthermore, investigation on combinatorial properties, especially, Ehrhart …
We propose a refined but natural notion of toric degenerations that respect a given embedding and show that within this framework a Gorenstein Fano variety can only be degenerated to a Gorenstein Fano toric variety if it is embedded via its anticanonical embedding. This also gives a precise criterion for reflexive polytopes to appear, which might be required for applications in mirror symmetry. For the proof of this statement we will study polytopes whose polar dual is a lattice polytope. As a byproduct we generalize a connection between the number of lattice points in a rational convex polyto…
Let $Δ$ be a $3$-dimensional lattice polytope containing exactly one interior lattice point. We give a simple combinatorial formula for computing the stringy $E$-function of the $3$-dimensional canonical toric Fano variety $X_Δ$ associated with the polytope $Δ$. Using the stringy Libgober-Wood identity and our formula, we generalize the well-known combinatorial identity $\sum_{θ\preceq Δ\atop \dim (θ) =1} v(θ) \cdot v(θ^*) = 24$ holding in the case of $3$-dimensional reflexive polytopes $Δ$.
We introduce the notion of cracked polytope, and - making use of joint work with Coates and Kasprzyk - construct the associated toric variety $X$ as a subvariety of a non-singular toric variety $Y$ under certain conditions. Restricting to the case in which this subvariety is a complete intersection, we present a sufficient condition for a smoothing of $X$ to exist inside $Y$. We exhibit a relative anti-canonical divisor for this smoothing of $X$, and show that the general member is simple normal crossings.
There exist exactly 166 4-dimensional reflexive polytopes such that the corresponding 4-dimensional Gorenstein toric Fano varieties have at worst terminal singularities in codimension 3 and their anticanonical divisor is divisible by 2. For every such a polytope, one naturally obtains a family of Fano hypersurfaces X with at worst conifold singularities. A generic 3-dimensional Fano hypersurface X can be interpreted as a flat conifold degeneration of some smooth Fano 3-folds Y whose classification up to deformation was obtained by Iskovskikh, Mori and Mukai. In this case, both Fano varieties X…
We give equivalent and sufficient criteria for the automorphism group of a complete toric variety, respectively a Gorenstein toric Fano variety, to be reductive. In particular we show that the automorphism group of a Gorenstein toric Fano variety is reductive, if the barycenter of the associated reflexive polytope is zero. Furthermore a sharp bound on the dimension of the reductive automorphism group of a complete toric variety is proven by studying the set of Demazure roots.
Given arbitrary integers $k$ and $d$ with $0 \leq 2k \leq d$, we construct a Gorenstein Fano polytope $\Pc \subset \RR^d$ of dimension $d$ such that (i) its Ehrhart polynomial $i(\Pc, n)$ possesses $d$ distinct roots; (ii) $i(\Pc, n)$ possesses exactly $2k$ imaginary roots; (iii) $i(\Pc, n)$ possesses exactly $d - 2k$ real roots; (iv) the real part of each of the imaginary roots is equal to $- 1 / 2$; (v) all of the real roots belong to the open interval $(-1, 0)$.
Christos Athanasiadis studies an effective technique to show that Gorenstein sequences coming from compressed polytopes are unimodal. In the present paper we will use such the technique to find a rich class of Gorenstein toric rings with unimodal $h$-vectors arising from finite graphs.
We obtain 866 isomorphism classes of five-dimensional nonsingular toric Fano varieties using a computer program and the database of four-dimensional reflexive polytopes. The algorithm is based on the existence of facets of Fano polytopes having small integral distance from any vertex.
In this note we report on examples of 7- and 8-dimensional toric Fano manifolds that are not symmetric and still admit a Kaehler-Einstein metric. This answers a question first posed by V.V. Batyrev and E. Selivanova. The examples were found in the classification of toric Fano manifolds up to dimension 8 obtained by M. Oebro. We also discuss related open questions and conjectures.
Gorenstein Fano polytopes arising from finite partially ordered sets will be introduced. Then we study the problem which partially ordered sets yield smooth Fano polytopes.
The toric variety of a matroid is projectively normal, and therefore it is Cohen-Macaulay. We provide a complete graph-theoretic classification when the toric variety of a graphic matroid is Gorenstein.
We classify exactly when the toric algebras $\C[S_{\tree}(\br)]$ are Gorenstein. These algebras arise as toric deformations of algebras of invariants of the Cox-Nagata ring of the blow-up of $n-1$ points on $\mathbb{P}^{n-3}$, or equivalently algebras of the ring of global sections for the Plücker embedding of weight varieties of the Grassmanian $Gr_2(\C^n)$, and algebras of global sections for embeddings of moduli of weighted points on $\mathbb{P}^1$. As a corollary, we find exactly when these families of rings are Gorenstein as well.
A matroid is Gorenstein if its toric variety is. Hibi, Lasoń, Matsuda, Michałek, and Vodička provided a full graph-theoretic classification of Gorenstein matroids associated to simple graphs. We extend this classification to multigraphs.
